{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T22:03:17Z","timestamp":1789423397330,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760486400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFF0726303"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFF0726303"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61308053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61308053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61411130312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61411130312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011505","name":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020B121202003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B121202003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hermite\u2013Gaussian (HG) modes and optical vortices (OVs) are crucial for advanced photonic applications. In this work, we demonstrate a more intuitive and precisely controllable intracavity approach compared with existing methods such as off-axis pumping, mirror tilting, and crystal tilting. By adjusting the off-axis displacement of a plano-convex lens, the astigmatism introduced into the cavity is precisely tuned. This allows the generation of continuous-wave HG\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      0,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    modes with tunable\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    from 0 to 24 in a compact laser-diode (LD) end-pumped Nd:YAG laser. Using an astigmatic mode converter (AMC), vortex beams with topological charge tunable from 1 to 24 are obtained and verified by interference patterns. This approach provides a direct and compact route to diverse structured beams for advanced optical systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.577256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,18]],"date-time":"2025-09-18T20:00:14Z","timestamp":1758225614000},"page":"6421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Generation of high-order Hermite\u2013Gaussian modes and optical vortices by manipulating off-axis displacement of an intracavity lens"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Zhaokun","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mcjh785","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mcjh785","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiale","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuhan Huaxia Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mcjh785","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyu","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mcjh785","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuqiang","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00mcjh785","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Wales"},{"name":"Henan Academy of Special Optics Ltd."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sivagunalan","family":"Sivanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2306-4037","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-50-20-6421-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/35085529","type":"journal-article","volume":"412","author":"Mair","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-50-20-6421-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"B14","DOI":"10.1364\/PRJ.4.000B14","type":"journal-article","volume":"4","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Photon. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}