{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:22:32Z","timestamp":1787314952042,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62305238"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62305238"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12304402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12304402"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanxi Science and Technology Cooperation and Exchange Special Project","award":["202404041101032"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202404041101032"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In recent years, optical skyrmions have garnered significant attention due to their unique properties and potential applications. These skyrmions, which include optical field skyrmions, optical spin skyrmions, and optical Stokes skyrmions, exhibit deep-subwavelength and topologically stable characteristics that make them highly suitable for various technological applications such as microscopy, metrology, sensing, and memory. In this context, we present a theoretical proposal for the generation of optical spin skyrmions in a tightly focused partially coherent beam. Our study delves into the behavior of these skyrmions as a function of the coherence length of the beam. Optical spin skyrmions fabricated by spin\u2013orbit coupling of a partially coherent optical vortex are not limited by the topological charge\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">m<\/jats:italic>\n                    of the optical vortex. This investigation is particularly novel as we believe it marks the first instance where skyrmions have been identified in a partially coherent beam.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.584010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T20:00:10Z","timestamp":1766433610000},"page":"632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Optical skyrmionium of confined partially coherent beams with orbital angular momentum"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"YuPei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil Aviation University of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8692-3911","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nan","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9242-4414","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"JinHong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8293-7133","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"XiaoJin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taiyuan University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-3-632-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-5582(62)90775-7","type":"journal-article","volume":"31","author":"Skyrme","year":"1962","journal-title":"Nuclear Phys."},{"key":"ol-51-3-632-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2013.243","type":"journal-article","volume":"8","author":"Nagaosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}