{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T12:27:52Z","timestamp":1785414472005,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["12574373"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12574373"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["12474344"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12474344"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["12274240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12274240"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013314","name":"111 Project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["B23045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B23045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013314","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Phonon polaritons\u2014hybrid quasiparticles arising from strong coupling between lattice vibrations and electromagnetic waves\u2014exhibit exceptional capabilities for enhancing terahertz (THz) confinement and nonlinear light\u2013matter interactions. On-chip spectral control of THz phonon polaritons remains challenging due to the limited THz power density available for nonlinear approaches. Here, we propose a collinear wavevector beating scheme implemented in an on-chip lithium niobate subwavelength waveguide that enables flexible spectral manipulation of broadband THz phonon polaritons simply through the selection of propagation distance. By designing a two-mode waveguide and implementing a collinear wavevector beating\u2014a spatial analog of Young\u2019s double-slit experiment\u2014we generate longitudinal interference patterns that allow frequency separation of broadband components through propagation distance selection. This approach avoids the power limitations of conventional nonlinear methods and establishes a new paradigm for flexible on-chip spectral manipulation, advancing the development of functional THz polaritonic devices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.593147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T14:00:10Z","timestamp":1773064810000},"page":"1764","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["On-chip spectral manipulation of broadband terahertz polaritons through collinear wavevector beating"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3687-4848","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yao","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6052-5007","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xitan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3189-2219","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanxi University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8834-4320","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Huanan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6624-4858","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4451-5239","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01y1kjr75","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanxi University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08686-9","type":"journal-article","volume":"639","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adf1251","type":"journal-article","volume":"379","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2015.305","type":"journal-article","volume":"11","author":"Caldwell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotech."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005777","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202005777","type":"journal-article","volume":"33","author":"de Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21394-y","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207401","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.129.207401","type":"journal-article","volume":"129","author":"Lin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/s42005-022-01080-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"5","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Phys."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-024-01509-y","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3279","DOI":"10.1515\/nanoph-2024-0109","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nanophotonics"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-022-01034-w","type":"journal-article","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0609-x","type":"journal-article","volume":"563","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-020-0618-9","type":"journal-article","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-022-00969-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"16","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2016.209","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Suzuki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-025-01775-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"20","author":"Kang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06463-z","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Reichel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R17","author":"Hecht","year":"2017"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/121580a0","type":"journal-article","volume":"121","author":"Bohr","year":"1928","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/119890a0","type":"journal-article","volume":"119","author":"Thomson","year":"1927","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1078726","type":"journal-article","volume":"299","author":"Feurer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9219","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.17.009219","type":"journal-article","volume":"17","author":"Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1088\/0335-7368\/6\/5\/302","type":"journal-article","volume":"6","author":"Ulrich","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nouvelle Revue D\u2019Optique"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1228","type":"journal-article","volume":"2","author":"Peruzzo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1364\/PRJ.6.000660","type":"journal-article","volume":"6","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Photon. Res."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10428","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.0c04301","type":"journal-article","volume":"14","author":"Safronov","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26351","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.026351","type":"journal-article","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223103","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5030515","type":"journal-article","volume":"123","author":"Lu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1972.tb02683.x","type":"journal-article","volume":"51","author":"Marcuse","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bell Syst. Tech. J."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-7305.1972.tb02650.x","type":"journal-article","volume":"51","author":"Marcuse","year":"1972","journal-title":"Bell Syst. Tech. J."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.1126\/science.258.5083.770","type":"journal-article","volume":"258","author":"Dougherty","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.1c00860","type":"journal-article","volume":"8","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Photonics"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1038\/167779b0","type":"journal-article","volume":"167","author":"Huang","year":"1951","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.1951.0166","type":"journal-article","volume":"208","author":"Huang","year":"1951","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. A"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.158.433","type":"journal-article","volume":"158","author":"Barker","year":"1967","journal-title":"Phys. Rev."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44375","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.510365","type":"journal-article","volume":"31","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5097","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.36.005097","type":"journal-article","volume":"36","author":"Paiam","year":"1997","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12091093","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-025-01670-9","type":"journal-article","volume":"19","author":"Nan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-55793-8","type":"journal-article","volume":"16","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03755-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"596","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01342460","type":"journal-article","volume":"161","author":"Jonsson","year":"1961","journal-title":"Zeitschrift Fur Physik"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1119\/1.1987592","type":"journal-article","volume":"42","author":"Jonsson","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1119\/1.4819882","type":"journal-article","volume":"81","author":"Rueckner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys."},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1136303","type":"journal-article","volume":"315","author":"Jacques","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ol-51-7-1764-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-023-01938-6","type":"journal-article","volume":"618","author":"Ananthaswamy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Optics Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=ol-51-7-1764&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T14:37:45Z","timestamp":1778683065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-51-7-1764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ol.593147","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-9592","1539-4794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-9592","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-4794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.593147","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"letter","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"10 February 2026","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"9 March 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"18 March 2026","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}