{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T16:57:07Z","timestamp":1785430627306,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences\n\t\t\t\t\t\tResearch Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["EP\/Z53285X\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/Z53285X\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0439y7842","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000287","name":"Royal Academy of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEngineering","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["RCSRF2223-1678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RCSRF2223-1678"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000287","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0526snb40","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013208","name":"Renishaw","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013208","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v3j1y79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Conventional LiDAR uses time-of-flight data from laser pulses scanned\n\t\t\t\t\tacross a scene to provide accurate multi-meter-scale three-dimensional\n\t\t\t\t\tmodels at cm precision, limited by the tens-of-picoseconds precision\n\t\t\t\t\tof time-tagging electronics. Here, by using two-photon dual-comb\n\t\t\t\t\tranging, we introduce an analog of LiDAR imaging using the\n\t\t\t\t\ttime-of-flight of sub-picosecond laser pulses to render cm-scale\n\t\t\t\t\tpoint-cloud datasets with \u00b5m precision. Using only free-running\n\t\t\t\t\tfemtosecond lasers, the technique combines absolute accuracy with\n\t\t\t\t\tnear-interferometric precision, is applicable to discontinuous\n\t\t\t\t\tsurfaces with poor optical quality, and provides a stand-off range\n\t\t\t\t\texceeding that of typical non-contact optical surface metrologies. We\n\t\t\t\t\tdemonstrate imaging of an aluminum test object and assess its accuracy\n\t\t\t\t\tby comparing our results with those from a touch-probe coordinate\n\t\t\t\t\tmeasurement machine. At a stand-off distance of 40 cm, we obtain\n\t\t\t\t\tranging accuracies of 9\u2009\u00b5m\u201338\u2009\u00b5m, and precisions averaging to &lt;3\u2009\u00b5m\n\t\t\t\t\tafter 250 ms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.603240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T12:00:10Z","timestamp":1780056010000},"page":"3725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Two-photon dual-comb LiDAR imaging"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Alexander J. M.","family":"Nelmes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mghma93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Huddersfield"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Longstaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Huddersfield"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8103-3466","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jake M.","family":"Charsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mghma93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3851-1485","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hollie","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mghma93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0385-4939","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Derryck T.","family":"Reid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mghma93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2009.94","type":"journal-article","volume":"3","author":"Coddington","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat.\n\t\t\t\t\tPhotonics"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18501","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.19.018501","type":"journal-article","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42119","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.433871","type":"journal-article","volume":"29","author":"Mitchell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24914","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.024914","type":"journal-article","volume":"22","author":"Baumann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt.\n\t\t\t\t\tExpress"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTCON.572873","type":"journal-article","volume":"4","author":"Soghomonyan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Opt.\n\t\t\t\t\tContinuum"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4776","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.39.004776","type":"journal-article","volume":"39","author":"Baumann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37037","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.434351","type":"journal-article","volume":"29","author":"Wright","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt.\n\t\t\t\t\tExpress"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22497","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.490052","type":"journal-article","volume":"31","author":"Wright","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt.\n\t\t\t\t\tExpress"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141101","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0262787","type":"journal-article","volume":"126","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Appl. Phys.\n\t\t\t\t\tLett."},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105402","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6455\/add4d8","type":"journal-article","volume":"58","author":"Wright","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Phys. B"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8142","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.37.008142","type":"journal-article","volume":"37","author":"Reid","year":"1998","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39045-9","type":"journal-article","volume":"14","author":"Sterczewski","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/0029-554X(67)90145-0","type":"journal-article","volume":"55","author":"Gedcke","year":"1967","journal-title":"Nucl. Instrum. Methods"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.5545\/sv-jme.2010.175","type":"journal-article","volume":"57","author":"Danzl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroj. Vestn.-J. Mech. Eng."},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R15","author":"Born","year":"1999"},{"key":"ol-51-13-3725-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21826","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.597018","type":"journal-article","volume":"34","author":"Forman","year":"2026","journal-title":"Opt.\n\t\t\t\t\tExpress"}],"container-title":["Optics Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=ol-51-13-3725&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T13:04:34Z","timestamp":1782824674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-51-13-3725"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ol.603240","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-9592","1539-4794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-9592","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-4794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.603240","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"letter","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"19 April 2026","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"24 May 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"30 June 2026","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"Published by Optica Publishing Group under the terms\n\t\t\t\t\tof the Creative\n\t\t\t\t\tCommons Attribution 4.0 License. Further distribution of\n\t\t\t\t\tthis work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published\n\t\t\t\t\tarticle\u2019s title, journal citation, and DOI.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}