{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:15:59Z","timestamp":1785406559975,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["12502383"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12502383"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024M750084"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024M750084"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"},{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0426zh255","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Conventional focusing schlieren is fundamentally restricted to measurement planes normal to the optical axis, limiting visualization of arbitrarily oriented flow structures. We present a Scheimpflug-integrated focusing schlieren technique that enables sharply focused visualization of strongly tilted measurement planes (up to \u00b160\n                    <jats:sup>\u2218<\/jats:sup>\n                    in the present configuration) in high-speed flows while preserving quasi-two-dimensional imaging capability. A dot-array calibration procedure corrects geometric distortion and reconstructs the true spatial coordinates of the inclined measurement plane. The technique is demonstrated in a confined quasi-two-dimensional jet and in a Mach-6 hypersonic flow over a compound delta wing, revealing flow structures inaccessible to conventional schlieren configurations. The approach establishes a tilted-plane optical-sectioning capability for schlieren imaging and provides a flexible diagnostic framework for three-dimensional high-speed flow visualization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.605166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T12:00:10Z","timestamp":1781179210000},"page":"3834","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Scheimpflug-integrated focusing schlieren: imaging tilted planes in three-dimensional high-speed flows"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v51f717","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v51f717","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongtian","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v51f717","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianyang","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02v51f717","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-14-3834-R1","author":"Settles","year":"2001"},{"key":"ol-51-14-3834-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2016.280","type":"journal-article","volume":"797","author":"Laurence","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}