{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:42:44Z","timestamp":1785404564994,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783900800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This work presents a novel, to the best of our knowledge, \u201cthree-by-one\u201d beam shaping architecture capable of real-time switching among Gaussian, flat-top, and optical vortex\/donut beam profiles. The system is based on a polarization-controlled Mach\u2013Zehnder Interferometer (MZI), which enables an incoherent superposition between a Gaussian (\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>00<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and a Laguerre-Gaussian vortex (\n                    <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      0\n                      <jats:italic>\u2113<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) beam by rotating\/tuning the incoming beam\u2019s linear polarization. By adjusting the relative weight of the two orthogonal polarization modes in the two arms of MZI, the recombined beam is transformed from a Gaussian peak to a vortex singularity filled with a Gaussian to achieve a high-quality flat-top beam and further to a pure vortex\/donut beam. The experiments confirm that the three modes can be dynamically shaped without the need for realignment. This scheme can be used in situations where flexible, dynamic switching\/adaptation between different spatial modes is required, such as in laser micro-processing\/machining, microscopy, particle manipulation, and free space communication.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.605671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:51:46Z","timestamp":1782845506000},"page":"4012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Three for the price of one: dynamically reconfigurable generation of Gaussian, flat-top, and vortex\/donut beams"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-1118-5550","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Owen","family":"Stewart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03jgjt094","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Carleton University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03jgjt094","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Carleton University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5642-2294","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ilya","family":"Golub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carleton University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-14-4012-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1364\/AOP.1.000001","type":"journal-article","volume":"1","author":"Zhan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. 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All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}