{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T19:07:50Z","timestamp":1784833670799,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Minimizing the footprint of nonvolatile photonic memories is essential\n\t\t\t\t\tfor high-density programmable photonic integrated circuits. Here, we\n\t\t\t\t\tpresent an ultra-compact grating-coupled nanophotonic resistive switch\n\t\t\t\t\tbased on a hybrid Ag\/SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/ITO platform on an SOI substrate.\n\t\t\t\t\tThe engineered device simultaneously integrates optical coupling,\n\t\t\t\t\thybrid mode confinement, and resistive switching within a single\n\t\t\t\t\tengineered grating structure, resulting in a total device length of\n\t\t\t\t\tonly ~24\u2009\u00b5m, including the input coupling, active\n\t\t\t\t\tswitching, and output coupling regions. Strong optical confinement\n\t\t\t\t\twithin the ultrathin SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    layer enables efficient\n\t\t\t\t\telectro-optic modulation with an extinction ratio of 19.4\u2009dB.\n\t\t\t\t\tThe device exhibits stable bipolar switching with SET\/RESET voltages\n\t\t\t\t\tof +3.2\u2009V\/\u22123\u2009V, endurance over 200 cycles,\n\t\t\t\t\tand retention exceeding 10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    s. Transient measurements\n\t\t\t\t\treveal successful switching under 5 \u00b5s programming pulses with\n\t\t\t\t\tan effective switching time of ~100\u2009ns. The demonstrated\n\t\t\t\t\tultra-compact footprint and nonvolatile optical functionality make the\n\t\t\t\t\tproposed device promising for high-density photonic memories,\n\t\t\t\t\tprogrammable photonic integrated circuits, nonvolatile photonic\n\t\t\t\t\tcomputing, and memory systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.607558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:00:08Z","timestamp":1783605608000},"page":"4232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultra-compact grating-coupled nanophotonic resistive switch"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9566-6240","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Santosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carolina State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vansh","family":"Kedwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mahindra University Hyderabad"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7751-5756","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gaurav K.","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8310-8429","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chandan","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-3275","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sourabh","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT) Bhopal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6537-1246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mukesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Indore"},{"name":"IIT Indore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-15-4232-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"073003","DOI":"10.1088\/2040-8978\/18\/7\/073003","type":"journal-article","volume":"18","author":"Thomson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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All rights,\n\t\t\t\t\tincluding for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI)\n\t\t\t\t\ttraining, and similar technologies, are\n\t\t\t\t\treserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}