{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T16:40:23Z","timestamp":1786466423612,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the design, fabrication and characterization of functional refractive microlens arrays and micro-Fresnel zone plate arrays made of three distinct material states, namely ultra-porous monolithic silica aerogel, silica xerogel, and dense fused silica, all derived from a common template. Aerogel and xerogel elements serve as master objects which are thermally vitrified via viscous flow to produce dense fused silica microlenses. In this process, the skeletal silica network collapses, densifies, and contracts while preserving morphological similarity, effectively constituting a homothetic transformation of the template geometry. This \u201csystolic\" miniaturization approach provides an alternative route to refractive and diffractive micro-optical elements with deterministically tailored structural and optical properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.609417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T20:00:10Z","timestamp":1784923210000},"page":"4645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aerogel micro-optics and their homothetic miniaturization"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6118-1284","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vasileios","family":"Charalampidis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/017wvtq80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantina","family":"Papachristopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/017wvtq80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8868-0888","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nikolaos A.","family":"Vainos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/017wvtq80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23818","type":"journal-article","volume":"84","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microsc. Res. Tech."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6115","DOI":"10.1364\/ao.44.006115","type":"journal-article","volume":"44","author":"Firestone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12070812","type":"journal-article","volume":"12","author":"Asgar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Micromachines"},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1089\/3dp.2023.0218","type":"journal-article","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"3D Print. Addit. Manuf."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2200692","DOI":"10.1002\/lpor.202200692","type":"journal-article","volume":"17","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Laser Photonics Rev."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3195","DOI":"10.1007\/s12541-025-01297-4","type":"journal-article","volume":"26","author":"Vu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-024-01725-6","type":"journal-article","volume":"14","author":"Yamada","year":"2025","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optcom.2015.08.039","type":"journal-article","volume":"362","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202504250","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202504250","type":"journal-article","volume":"64","author":"Takeshita","year":"2025","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s10971-019-04952-8","type":"journal-article","volume":"90","author":"Woignier","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1117\/12.140416","type":"journal-article","volume":"1751","author":"Nogu\u00e8s","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc. SPIE"},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00486234","type":"journal-article","volume":"2","author":"Hench","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mee.2009.01.071","type":"journal-article","volume":"86","author":"Kreuzberger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microelectron. Eng."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123519","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnoncrysol.2025.123519","type":"journal-article","volume":"659","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Non-Cryst. Sol."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3814","DOI":"10.1364\/OME.6.003814","type":"journal-article","volume":"6","author":"Vainos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Opt. Mater. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2418","DOI":"10.3390\/nano10122418","type":"journal-article","volume":"10","author":"Papachristopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics9080487","type":"journal-article","volume":"9","author":"Papachristopoulou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomimetics"},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4018(81)90108-5","type":"journal-article","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"1981","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1088\/0963-9659\/6\/1\/010","type":"journal-article","volume":"6","author":"Jiang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Opt."},{"key":"ol-51-16-4645-R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-4018(01)01378-5","type":"journal-article","volume":"196","author":"Friberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Opt. Commun."}],"container-title":["Optics Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=ol-51-16-4645&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T15:43:56Z","timestamp":1786463036000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-51-16-4645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ol.609417","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-9592","1539-4794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-9592","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-4794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.609417","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"letter","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"24 June 2026","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"21 July 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"11 August 2026","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}