{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T16:36:21Z","timestamp":1792773381759,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChina","award":["62375035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62375035"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChina","award":["62075025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62075025"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChina","award":["42375130"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["42375130"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of\n\t\t\t\t\t\tChina","award":["62375262"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62375262"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt. Lett."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We report a fiber-optic tuning-fork\u2013cantilever coupled photoacoustic\n\t\t\t\t\t(TFCC-PA) sensor for the simultaneous detection of methane\n\t\t\t\t\t(CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and acetylene (C\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). The\n\t\t\t\t\tsensor integrates a custom square-head 6063 aluminum-alloy tuning fork\n\t\t\t\t\t(ATF) and a laser-cut polyethylene terephthalate cantilever within a\n\t\t\t\t\tsingle nonresonant photoacoustic cell. Synchronous dual-channel\n\t\t\t\t\treadout is achieved using two Fabry\u2013Perot (F\u2013P) white-light\n\t\t\t\t\tinterferometers combined with frequency-division-multiplexed\n\t\t\t\t\tdemodulation. The low-frequency cantilever is suited to slowly\n\t\t\t\t\trelaxing CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    , whereas the higher-frequency tuning fork is\n\t\t\t\t\tused to detect rapidly relaxing C\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Following\n\t\t\t\t\tstructural optimization using COMSOL Multiphysics, experiments\n\t\t\t\t\tconfirmed well-separated operating frequencies with negligible\n\t\t\t\t\tinterchannel crosstalk. Both gases exhibited linear concentration\n\t\t\t\t\tresponses with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    values of\n\t\t\t\t\t0.99. At an integration time of 1\u2009s, the detection limits were\n\t\t\t\t\t6.54\u2009ppm for CH\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    and 1.06\u2009ppm for\n\t\t\t\t\tC\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Allan\u2013Werle analysis yielded minimum\n\t\t\t\t\tdetection limits of 167\u2009ppb and 96.5\u2009ppb, respectively. The proposed\n\t\t\t\t\tTFCC-PA sensor provides a robust and intrinsically safe solution for\n\t\t\t\t\thigh-sensitivity multicomponent gas sensing applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.612165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T13:00:16Z","timestamp":1789650016000},"page":"5786","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tuning fork-cantilever coupled dual-resonance fiber-optic photoacoustic sensor for simultaneous dual-gas detection"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0465-7135","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuchen","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/023hj5876","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4365-5934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guojie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/023hj5876","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianfeng","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/023hj5876","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/023hj5876","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Territories"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-7500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Qiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalian University of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/023hj5876","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenfeng","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/023hj5876","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecs.2022.100997","type":"journal-article","volume":"91","author":"Farooq","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Energy\n\t\t\t\t\tCombust. Sci."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4983","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c07335","type":"journal-article","volume":"98","author":"Dai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal.\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240013","DOI":"10.29026\/oes.2024.240013","type":"journal-article","volume":"3","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Opto-Electron.\n\t\t\t\t\tSci."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2026.139428","type":"journal-article","volume":"451","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33898","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.503454","type":"journal-article","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Opt.\n\t\t\t\t\tExpress"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4401","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3517155","type":"journal-article","volume":"25","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"IEEE Sens.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c05876","type":"journal-article","volume":"98","author":"Sun","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal.\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30168","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2024.3435438","type":"journal-article","volume":"24","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"IEEE Sens.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c07830","type":"journal-article","volume":"98","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal.\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1353198","type":"journal-article","volume":"72","author":"Mikl\u00f3s","year":"2001","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"066008","DOI":"10.1117\/1.AP.6.6.066008","type":"journal-article","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv.\n\t\t\t\t\tPhoton."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1364\/ol.27.001902","type":"journal-article","volume":"27","author":"Kosterev","year":"2002","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15331","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15331","type":"journal-article","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat.\n\t\t\t\t\tCommun."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4979085","type":"journal-article","volume":"110","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl. Phys.\n\t\t\t\t\tLett."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132446","type":"journal-article","volume":"370","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2022.100386","type":"journal-article","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15510","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.5c03433","type":"journal-article","volume":"97","author":"Wu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anal.\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-024-01425-1","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Light Sci.\n\t\t\t\t\tAppl."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2296","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-69042-7","type":"journal-article","volume":"17","author":"Lin","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nat.\n\t\t\t\t\tCommun."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3128","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.603265","type":"journal-article","volume":"51","author":"Qiao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.603712","type":"journal-article","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6768","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.415750","type":"journal-article","volume":"29","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2023.100573","type":"journal-article","volume":"34","author":"Pan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5300","DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2022.3171524","type":"journal-article","volume":"40","author":"Gong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Lightwave\n\t\t\t\t\tTechnol."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2852","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.561282","type":"journal-article","volume":"50","author":"Lang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2023.100492","type":"journal-article","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2021.338894","type":"journal-article","volume":"1202","author":"Sampaolo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anal. Chim.\n\t\t\t\t\tActa"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-023-01353-6","type":"journal-article","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Light Sci.\n\t\t\t\t\tAppl."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2026.140602","type":"journal-article","volume":"467","author":"Yang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s00340-005-2076-y","type":"journal-article","volume":"82","author":"Schilt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. B"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6556","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1680034","type":"journal-article","volume":"59","author":"Wang","year":"1973","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"055017","DOI":"10.1088\/0960-1317\/18\/5\/055017","type":"journal-article","volume":"18","author":"Shen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Micromech.\n\t\t\t\t\tMicroeng."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2018.2853404","type":"journal-article","volume":"65","author":"Patimisco","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans.\n\t\t\t\t\tUltrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jqsrt.2021.107949","type":"journal-article","volume":"277","author":"Gordon","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Quant.\n\t\t\t\t\tSpectrosc. Radiat. Transfer"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00425997","type":"journal-article","volume":"57","author":"Werle","year":"1993","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. B"},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27235","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.6c05116","type":"journal-article","volume":"98","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Anal.\n\t\t\t\t\tChem."},{"key":"ol-51-20-5786-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4054","DOI":"10.3390\/s26134054","type":"journal-article","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sensors"}],"container-title":["Optics Letters"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=ol-51-20-5786&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T15:01:24Z","timestamp":1792767684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-51-20-5786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ol.612165","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-9592","1539-4794"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-9592","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-4794","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OL.612165","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"letter","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"11 August 2026","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"13 September 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"9 October 2026","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including\n\t\t\t\t\tfor text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training,\n\t\t\t\t\tand similar technologies, are reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}