{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:06:31Z","timestamp":1792163191842,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OA_License_v2#VOR-OA"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]],"date-time":"2023-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698883200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/policies\/opg-tdm-policy.json"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32HD110222"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32HD110222"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01EB027099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01EB027099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM142953"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM142953"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["opg.optica.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Optica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Motile cilia are dynamic hair-like structures covering epithelial surfaces in multiple organs. The periodic coordinated beating of cilia creates waves propagating along the surface, known as the metachronal waves, which transport fluids and mucus along the epithelium. Motile ciliopathies result from disrupted coordinated cilia beating and are associated with serious clinical complications, including reproductive disorders. Despite the recognized clinical significance, research of cilia dynamics is extremely limited. Here, we present quantitative imaging of cilia metachronal waves volumetrically through tissue layers using dynamic optical coherence tomography (OCT). Our method relies on spatiotemporal mapping of the phase of intensity fluctuations in OCT images caused by the ciliary beating. We validated our new method\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and implemented it\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    to visualize cilia metachronal wave propagation within the mouse fallopian tube. This method can be extended to the assessment of physiological cilia function and ciliary dyskinesias in various organ systems, contributing to better management of pathologies associated with motile ciliopathies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1364\/optica.499927","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T13:00:11Z","timestamp":1695387611000},"page":"1439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["In vivo volumetric depth-resolved imaging of cilia metachronal waves using dynamic optical coherence\u00a0tomography"],"prefix":"10.1364","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2985-6489","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tian","family":"Xia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4225-9817","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kohei","family":"Umezu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre M.","family":"Scully","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9447-719X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stevens Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1571-2997","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Irina V.","family":"Larina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02pttbw34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"285","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"056601","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/78\/5\/056601","volume":"78","author":"Elgeti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rep. Prog. Phys."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.55.1.250","volume":"55","author":"Tamm","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys3981","volume":"13","author":"Gilpin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Phys."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00849","volume":"418","author":"Nonaka","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/s41567-020-0923-8","volume":"16","author":"Ramirez-San Juan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Phys."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aae0450","volume":"353","author":"Faubel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dml012","volume":"12","author":"Lyons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2637","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16458-4","volume":"11","author":"Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4470","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1218869110","volume":"110","author":"Elgeti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"058102","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.96.058102","volume":"96","author":"Vilfan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2784","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518527113","volume":"113","author":"Wan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238101","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.115.238101","volume":"115","author":"Quaranta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2102828118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2102828118","volume":"118","author":"Meng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2113539119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2113539119","volume":"119","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabd2508","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abd2508","volume":"6","author":"Milana","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabc9323","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc9323","volume":"6","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000358","volume":"28","author":"Milla","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pediatr."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.11.024","volume":"160","author":"Ferkol","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20190156","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0156","volume":"375","author":"Ringers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14269","volume":"521","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2018.12.009","volume":"104","author":"Bustamante-Marin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddi157","volume":"14","author":"Mee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2017.60","volume":"18","author":"Reiter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11010125","volume":"11","author":"Hyland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmr.2015.10.743","volume":"33","author":"Honore","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. Mal. Respir."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201301-0059CI","volume":"188","author":"Knowles","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2102940118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2102940118","volume":"118","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2012.10.016","volume":"23","author":"Niwa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4558","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.115659","volume":"141","author":"Shi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv016","volume":"21","author":"Inhorn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109382","volume":"36","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13216","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13216","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.12337","volume":"42","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0230","volume":"141","author":"Liao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00249-007-0153-3","volume":"37","author":"Ryser","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Biophys. J."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2409","volume":"17","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54473","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054473","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e91702","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.91702","volume":"2","author":"Solomon","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L928","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00395.2015","volume":"310","author":"Birket","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201404-0670OC","volume":"190","author":"Birket","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2016-0226OC","volume":"56","author":"Raju","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.42.000867","volume":"42","author":"Cui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2494","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.7.002494","volume":"7","author":"Chu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaav3505","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aav3505","volume":"11","author":"Leung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.3.001978","volume":"3","author":"Oldenburg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22653","volume":"49","author":"Ling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lasers Surg. Med."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03479-6","volume":"5","author":"Groux","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/s41377-020-00375-8","volume":"9","author":"Scholler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Light Sci. Appl."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8522","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08968-x","volume":"7","author":"Jing","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.9b01235","volume":"7","author":"He","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Photon."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5650","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.10.005650","volume":"10","author":"He","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2364","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-22-439","volume":"13","author":"Miao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Quant. Imag. Med. Surg."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-014-1784-z","volume":"72","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.2.002022","volume":"2","author":"Jonas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3515","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.6.003515","volume":"6","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.7.001590","volume":"7","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"030502","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.3.030502","volume":"20","author":"Brendan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"080505","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.20.8.080505","volume":"20","author":"Ute Alice","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15349","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.15349","volume":"10","author":"Scopulovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2443.2011.01484.x","volume":"16","author":"Shi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Cells"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-8-48","volume":"8","author":"Bylander","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.3.584","volume":"17","author":"Lyons","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e77701","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.77701","volume":"12","author":"Ringers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e201800364","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201800364","volume":"12","author":"Moore","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biophoton."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e201700316","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201700316","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biophoton."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.000124","volume":"8","author":"Keenan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76012","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.22.7.076012","volume":"22","author":"Madore","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.5.000788","volume":"5","author":"Wijesundara","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00002.2014","volume":"29","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39443","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39443","volume":"6","author":"Jing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"046004","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3560300","volume":"16","author":"Syed","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.25.12.126001","volume":"25","author":"Raghunathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8157","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008157","volume":"4","author":"Leopold","year":"2009","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.41.7.519","volume":"41","author":"Stanley","year":"1986","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.000828","volume":"8","author":"Klein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Opt. Express"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compstruc.2007.01.015","volume":"85","author":"Mitran","year":"2007","journal-title":"Computers & Structures"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabd8668","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.abd8668","volume":"6","author":"Berlinger","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabd8668","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.aay2627","volume":"6","author":"Drotman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Robot."},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20845","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.1c03009","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"optica-10-11-1439-R80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s43246-021-00120-7","volume":"2","author":"Bryan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Commun. Mater."}],"container-title":["Optica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/viewmedia.cfm?URI=optica-10-11-1439&seq=0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,6]],"date-time":"2024-08-06T15:31:13Z","timestamp":1722958273000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/opg.optica.org\/abstract.cfm?URI=optica-10-11-1439"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/optica.499927","relation":{},"ISSN":["2334-2536"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2334-2536","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Optica Publishing Group","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OPTICA.499927","name":"articlelink","label":"Crossref DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"research-article","name":"content_type","label":"Article type"},{"value":"Screened by Similarity Check","name":"cross_check","label":"Similarity check"},{"value":"Yes","order":0,"name":"peer_reviewed","label":"Peer reviewed","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"Single blind","order":1,"name":"review_process","label":"Review process","group":{"name":"peer_review","label":"Peer review"}},{"value":"5 July 2023","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"21 September 2023","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2 November 2023","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}