{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:21:04Z","timestamp":1789611664817,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,2]],"date-time":"2013-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367452800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Histochem Cytochem."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Respiratory muscle remodeling occurs in human sleep apnea\u2014a common respiratory disorder characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) due to recurrent apnea during sleep. We sought to determine if CIH causes remodeling in rat sternohyoid (upper airway dilator) and diaphragm muscles. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to CIH ( n=8), consisting of 90 sec of hypoxia (5% at the nadir; SaO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ~80%)\/90 sec of normoxia, 8 hr per day, for 7 consecutive days. Sham animals ( n=8) were exposed to alternating air\/air cycles in parallel. The effect of CIH on myosin heavy-chain (MHC) isoform (1, 2a, 2x, 2b) distribution, sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA) isoform distribution, succinate dehydrogenase activity, glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ATPase pump content was determined. Sternohyoid muscle structure was unaffected by CIH treatment. CIH did not alter oxidative\/glycolytic capacity or the Na\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/K\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    -ATPase pump content of the diaphragm. CIH significantly increased the areal density of MHC 2b fibers in the rat diaphragm, and this was associated with a shift in SERCA proteins from SERCA2 to SERCA1. We conclude that CIH causes a slow-to-fast fiber transition in the rat diaphragm after just 7 days of treatment. Respiratory muscle functional remodeling may drive aberrant functional plasticity such as decreased muscle endurance, which is a feature of human sleep apnea.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155413490947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,3]],"date-time":"2013-05-03T03:50:52Z","timestamp":1367553052000},"page":"487-499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Diaphragm Muscle Remodeling in a Rat Model of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1369","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Christine M.","family":"Shortt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (CMS)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (AF)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (AB)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (KDO)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Fredsted","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (CMS)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark (AF)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland (AB)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland (KDO)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidan","family":"Bradford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (CMS)"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus 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