{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:50:39Z","timestamp":1792788639567,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768608000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"HHS | NIH | NIDDK | Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases","award":["1R01DK124599-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01DK124599-01"]}]},{"name":"HHS | NIH | NIDDK | Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases","award":["R21DK106554-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21DK106554-01"]}]},{"name":"HHS | NIH | NIDDK | Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases","award":["L70 DK140978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L70 DK140978"]}]},{"name":"HHS | National Institutes of Health","award":["T32 OD010957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 OD010957"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Histochem Cytochem."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome (IC\/BPS) is a heterogeneous condition of uncertain etiology. We assessed bladder collagen characteristics in phenotypically characterized IC\/BPS patient subgroups that may influence pathophysiology. Forty-four females (30 IC\/BPS; 14 non-IC\/BPS) were included. Patients were divided into groups based on Hunner lesions (HL; N=14 or non-HL; N=16) and anesthetic bladder capacity (BC) (BC\u2264500 cc; low BC; N=17 or BC&gt;500 cc; non-low BC; N=13). Bladder biopsy tissue slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or picrosirius red and semi-quantitatively analyzed by a pathologist. CT-FIRE software was used to quantitatively assess lamina propria collagen. All patients with IC\/BPS had lower collagen fiber density independent of subgroup (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.0001\u20130.0038) compared to controls. HL had more peri-muscular collagen accumulation (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0061), more acute inflammation (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0364), more severe chronic inflammation (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0088), and narrower collagen fibers than non-HL and controls. Non-low-BC patients had lower collagen density (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0075) and straighter collagen fibers (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0127) than low BC. Low-BC patients had narrower collagen fibers than control (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0096). IC\/BPS, regardless of subgroup, is associated with a bladder lamina propria with diminished collagen density. HL, non-low-BC, and low-BC subgroups have unique collagen characteristics. These findings suggest a collagen fiber destruction and redistribution process, which differs by subgroup, and may contribute to pathophysiology of IC\/BPS:\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1369\/00221554251410640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T11:39:56Z","timestamp":1768649996000},"page":"129-142","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lamina Propria Collagen Architecture in Interstitial Cystitis\/Bladder Pain Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1369","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6263-6221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Ruetten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"},{"name":"Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harrison","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4897-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dylan T.","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wencheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaylee","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5103-6116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. McKenna","family":"Huse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Evans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopal","family":"Badlani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0732-2366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2017.23.4.474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.01.124"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2016.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)63178-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.11.099"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-019-02248-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cont.2023.101051"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21681805.2020.1730948"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-019-04038-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.05.047"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23725"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13235"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410x.1983.tb03356.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.01.086"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01002772"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14377"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1369\/0022155417718541"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.19.1.016007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.23641"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00431.2020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00343.2024"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2018.06.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JU.0000000000001334"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28652"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2023.101114"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.06.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2018.07.046"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.23097"}],"container-title":["Journal of Histochemistry &amp; 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