{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:28:08Z","timestamp":1791160088212,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Histochem Cytochem."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a relatively common autoimmune disease with strong genetic and environmental determinants. The disease manifests itself as inflammation of the synovia and usually progresses to joint erosion and destruction. The disease can also be considered as a systemic disease because extra-articular manifestations are often observed throughout many organs and tissues of the body. Patients with severe RA have altered peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) that express activation markers. Two such markers, PKC-\u03b7 and iNOS, were studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy to determine how these markers are expressed during disease progression. Healthy individuals expressed neither of the two markers, but there was an elevated level of PKC-\u03b7 observed as the disease progressed (40% in mild RA and 100% in severe RA patients). Concordant expression of the two markers was observed in only 3% of PBM from mild RA patients, reaching 38% in severe RA patients. No cells expressing iNOS alone were observed in any of the patients studied. These data support the hypothesis linking PKC-\u03b7 expression with the regulation and predisposition to the development of the iNOS phenotype in severe RA patients. PKC-\u03b7 may therefore be a key regulator in the production of elevated plasma nitric oxide (NO) and corresponding circulating reactive nitrogen intermediates in severe RA and may be a possible target to regulate iNOS induction and NO production by monocytic cells in RA patients and possibly other inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1369\/jhc.6a7070.2007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,22]],"date-time":"2007-01-22T21:07:30Z","timestamp":1169500050000},"page":"495-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Progressive and Concordant Expression of PKC-\u03b7 and iNOS Phenotypes in Monocytes From Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Association With Disease Severity"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Catherine Elizabeth","family":"Heale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goverdina Elisabeth F\u00e5hr\u00e6us-Van","family":"Ree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Proton","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada"},{"name":"Rheumatology Research, St. Clare's Mercy Hospital, St John's, NL, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vernon John","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00115-7"},{"key":"bibr2-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514154"},{"key":"bibr3-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302"},{"key":"bibr4-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000033516.73864.4E"},{"key":"bibr5-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.51.11.1219"},{"key":"bibr6-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012289631-6\/50027-2","volume-title":"Signal Transduction","author":"Gomperts BD","year":"2002"},{"key":"bibr7-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200207000-00009"},{"key":"bibr8-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.39.1.191"},{"key":"bibr9-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bor.0000218951.65601.bf"},{"key":"bibr10-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20158"},{"key":"bibr11-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1003"},{"key":"bibr12-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.48.28495"},{"key":"bibr13-jhc.6A7070.2007","first-page":"210","volume":"3","author":"Panaro MA","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Drug Targets"},{"key":"bibr14-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2003.09.006"},{"key":"bibr15-jhc.6A7070.2007","first-page":"123","volume":"30","author":"Pham TNQ","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"bibr16-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/167.6.1358"},{"key":"bibr17-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012370420-7\/50053-8"},{"key":"bibr18-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.9.1004"},{"key":"bibr19-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.031740"},{"key":"bibr20-jhc.6A7070.2007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.1998.25"}],"container-title":["Journal of Histochemistry &amp; 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