{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T09:19:48Z","timestamp":1783761588662,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]],"date-time":"2014-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399507200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]],"date-time":"2014-05-08T21:11:49Z","timestamp":1399583509000},"page":"e1003588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":811,"title":["From the Phenomenology to the Mechanisms of Consciousness: Integrated Information Theory 3.0"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Oizumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larissa","family":"Albantakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Tononi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Le QV, Ranzato MA, Monga R, Devin M, Chen K, <etal>et al<\/etal>.. (2011) Building high-level features using large scale unsupervised learning. In: ICML2012."},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"The DeepQA Research Team (2013) Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/researcher.ibm.com\/researcher\/view_project.php?id=2099\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/researcher.ibm.com\/researcher\/view_project.php?id=2099<\/ext-link>. Accessed October 21, 2013."},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Smarter Than You Think \u2013 I.B.M.s Supercomputer to Challenge Jeopardy! Champions","author":"C Thompson","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Y Times Mag"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-5-42","article-title":"An information integration theory of consciousness","volume":"5","author":"G Tononi","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.2307\/25470707","article-title":"Consciousness as integrated information: a provisional manifesto","volume":"215","author":"G Tononi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Bull"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"56","article-title":"Integrated information theory of consciousness: an updated account","volume":"150","author":"G Tononi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Ital Biol"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Baars BJ (1988) A Cognitive Theory of Consciousness (Cambridge University Press)."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/nn0203-119","article-title":"A framework for consciousness","volume":"6","author":"F Crick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Koch C (2004) The Quest for Consciousness: A Neurobiological Approach (Roberts and Co.)."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.03.018","article-title":"Experimental and theoretical approaches to conscious processing","volume":"70","author":"S Dehaene","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Chalmers DJ (1996) The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory (Oxford University Press)."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1440.004","article-title":"The neural correlates of consciousness: an update","volume":"1124","author":"G Tononi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374168-4.00028-9","article-title":"The neurology of consciousness: an overview","author":"G Tononi","year":"2009","journal-title":"The neurology of con-sciousness"},{"issue":"198","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198ra105","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006294","article-title":"A theoretically based index of consciousness independent of sensory processing and behavior","volume":"5","author":"AG Casali","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science translational medicine"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"19149","article-title":"Information sharing in the brain indexes consciousness in noncommunicative patients","volume":"23","author":"JR King","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"ref16","first-page":"367","article-title":"Information measures for conscious experience","volume":"139","author":"G Tononi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Ital Biol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000091","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000091","article-title":"Integrated information in discrete dynamical systems: Motivation and theoretical framework","volume":"4","author":"D Balduzzi","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000462","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000462","article-title":"Qualia: the geometry of integrated information","volume":"5","author":"D Balduzzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/261364","article-title":"The Mind-Brain Relationship as a Mathematical Problem","volume":"2013","author":"G Ascoli","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Neurosci"},{"key":"ref20","article-title":"Quantifying causal emergence shows that \u201cmacro\u201d can beat \u201cmicro\u201d","author":"E Hoel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1741","article-title":"Information Flows in Causal Networks","volume":"11","author":"N Ay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Adv Complex Syst"},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Korb KB, Nyberg EP, Hope L (2011) in Causality in the Sciences (Oxford University Press, Oxford)."},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Griffith V, Koch C (2012) Quantifying synergistic mutual information. arXiv preprint arXiv:1205.4265."},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026543900054","article-title":"The earth movers distance as a metric for image retrieval","volume":"40","author":"Y Rubner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"Wilson RJ (1985) Introduction to Graph Theory, 3\/e (Longman Scientific &amp; Technical)."},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Plum F, Posner JB (1982) The Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma (Oxford University Press)."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1846","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5395.1846","article-title":"Consciousness and complexity","volume":"282","author":"G Tononi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6539","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1723","article-title":"Forty-five years of split-brain research and still going strong","volume":"6","author":"MS Gazzaniga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Lynn S, Rhue J (1994) Dissociation: Clinical and theoretical perspectives (Guilford Press)."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76470","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797611408736","article-title":"Integration without awareness: expanding the limits of unconscious processing","volume":"22","author":"L Mudrik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"Information integration in the absence of awareness","author":"L Mudrik","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R824R827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2007.08.009","article-title":"What does the cerebellum really do?","volume":"17","author":"M Glickstein","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25467","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220701490995","article-title":"The neuropsychiatry of the cerebellum \u2013insights from the clinic","volume":"6","author":"JD Schmahmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"9414","article-title":"Cerebellar agenesis revisited","volume":"133","author":"CAR Boyd","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503215036","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.25.15032","article-title":"Patches of synchronized activity in the cerebellar cortex evoked by mossy-fiber stimulation: Questioning the role of parallel fibers","volume":"95","author":"D Cohen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135155","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07562.x","article-title":"The Organization of Cerebellar Cortical Circuitry Revisited. Implications for Function","volume":"978","author":"JM Bower","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sporns O (2010) Networks of the Brain (MIT Press).","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/8476.001.0001"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14489500","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2128-13.2013","article-title":"An anatomical substrate for integration among functional networks in human cortex","volume":"33","author":"MP van den Heuvel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222832","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1117256","article-title":"Breakdown of cortical effective connectivity during sleep","volume":"309","author":"M Massimini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26816","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0913008107","article-title":"Breakdown in cortical effective connectivity during midazolam-induced loss of consciousness","volume":"107","author":"F Ferrarelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Sanes DH, Reh TA, Harris WA (2011) Development of the Nervous System (Academic Press)."},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"5159","article-title":"Contentless Consciousness and Information-Processing Theories of Mind","volume":"2","author":"PR Sullivan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Philos Psychiatry, Psychol"},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Edelman GM (1989) The Remembered Present: A Biological Theory of Consciousness (Basic Books)."},{"key":"ref44","unstructured":"Harth E (1993) The creative loop: How the brain makes a mind (Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA)."},{"key":"ref45","unstructured":"Hofstadter DR (2007) I Am a Strange Loop (Basic Books)."},{"key":"ref46","first-page":"1218","article-title":"Why visual attention and awareness are different","volume":"7","author":"VAF Lamme","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"ref47","first-page":"145150","article-title":"Volatile anesthetics disrupt frontal-posterior recurrent information transfer at gamma frequencies in rat","volume":"387","author":"OA Imas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708290","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3769-11.2012","article-title":"Connectivity changes underlying spectral EEG changes during propofol-induced loss of consciousness","volume":"32","author":"M Boly","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref49","article-title":"Cognitive unbinding: A neuroscientific paradigm of general anesthesia and related states of unconsciousness","author":"GA Mashour","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85862","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1202043","article-title":"Preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state","volume":"332","author":"M Boly","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1038\/35082161","article-title":"The zombie within","volume":"411","author":"C Koch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02551274","article-title":"Approximation by superpositions of a sigmoidal function","volume":"2","author":"G Cybenko","year":"1989","journal-title":"Math Control Signals Syst"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-6080(89)90020-8","article-title":"Multilayer feedforward networks are universal approx-imators","volume":"2","author":"K Hornik","year":"1989","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rumelhart D, Hinton G, Williams R (1986) Learning internal representations by error propagation, Parallel distributed processing, 1986. Cambridge, MA.","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA164453"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.12.012","article-title":"Memory without feedback in a neural network","volume":"61","author":"M Goldman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref56","unstructured":"Dalal N, Triggs B (2005) In: IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition; 25\u201325 June 2005; San Diego, CA, United States. CVPR 2005. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/stamp\/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1467360\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/stamp\/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp; arnumber=1467360<\/ext-link>. Accessed 17 March 2014."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41126","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2007.56","article-title":"Robust object recognition with cortex-like mechanisms","volume":"29","author":"T Serre","year":"2007","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref58","first-page":"3951","article-title":"Example-based learning for view-based human face detection","volume":"20","author":"K-K Sung","year":"1998","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399458","DOI":"10.1145\/954339.954342","article-title":"Face recognition","volume":"35","author":"W Zhao","year":"2003","journal-title":"ACM Comput Surv"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12148","article-title":"Vision: are models of object recognition catching up with the brain?","volume":"1305","author":"T Poggio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121123","DOI":"10.1038\/375121a0","article-title":"Are we aware of neural activity in primary visual cortex?","volume":"375","author":"F Crick","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn701","article-title":"Visual competition","volume":"3","author":"R Blake","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21929","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1055","article-title":"Primary visual cortex and visual awareness","volume":"4","author":"F Tong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19918","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhm226","article-title":"Fundamental requirements for primary visual perception","volume":"18","author":"DA Pollen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34223427","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.8.3422","article-title":"A complexity measure for selective matching of signals by the brain","volume":"93","author":"G Tononi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121121","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2008.0300","article-title":"Predictive coding under the free-energy principle","volume":"364","author":"K Friston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12738","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2787","article-title":"The free-energy principle: a unified brain theory?","volume":"11","author":"K Friston","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2012.00068","article-title":"How anatomy shapes dynamics: a semi-analytical study of the brain at rest by a simple spin model","volume":"6","author":"G Deco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Comput Neurosci"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001052","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1001052","article-title":"Practical measures of integrated information for time-series data","volume":"7","author":"AB Barrett","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2013.00148","article-title":"Sleep-Dependent Synaptic Down-Selection (II): Single-Neuron Level Benefits for Matching, Selectivity, and Specificity","volume":"4","author":"A Hashmi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"ref71","article-title":"Information Matching \u2013 Environment dependent increase in integrated information (\u03a6)","author":"L Albantakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"European Conference on Complex Systems (ECCS13)"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002236","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1002236","article-title":"Integrated information increases with fitness in the evolution of animats","volume":"7","author":"JA Edlund","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003111","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003111","article-title":"The minimal complexity of adapting agents increases with fitness","volume":"9","author":"NJ Joshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"}],"container-title":["PLoS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003588","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T02:02:05Z","timestamp":1588989725000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003588"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Olaf","family":"Sporns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003588","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]}}}