{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T16:19:07Z","timestamp":1784132347658,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]],"date-time":"2014-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1417651200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003953","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]],"date-time":"2014-12-04T19:27:18Z","timestamp":1417721238000},"page":"e1003953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Reaction-Diffusion Model of Cholinergic Retinal Waves"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Lansdell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Nathan","family":"Kutz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2004","article-title":"Ion channel development, spontaneous activity, and activity-dependent development in nerve and muscle cells","volume":"85","author":"W Moody","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2759","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying spontaneous patterned activity in developing neural circuits","volume":"11","author":"A Blankenship","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.22.1.29","article-title":"Retinal Waves and Visual System Development","volume":"22","author":"R Wong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Ford K, Feller M (2012) Webvision: Formation of Early Retinal Circuits in the Inner Plexiform Layer. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/webvision.med.utah.edu\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/webvision.med.utah.edu\/<\/ext-link>. Accessed 21 September 2014."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.31.060407.125533","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying development of visual maps and receptive fields","volume":"31","author":"AD Huberman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.04.028","article-title":"An instructive role for patterned spontaneous retinal activity in mouse visual map development","volume":"70","author":"H Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5309-12.2012","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms underlying spatiotemporal features of cholinergic retinal waves","volume":"32","author":"KJ Ford","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.11.015","article-title":"A developmental switch in the excitability and function of the starburst network in the mammalian retina","volume":"44","author":"J Zheng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1644","article-title":"A transient network of intrinsically bursting starburst cells underlies the generation of retinal waves","volume":"9","author":"J Zheng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e245","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0030245","article-title":"Retinal wave behavior through activity-dependent refractory periods","volume":"3","author":"KB Godfrey","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4880-08.2009","article-title":"Early-stage waves in the retinal network emerge close to a critical state transition between local and global functional connectivity","volume":"29","author":"MH Hennig","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2011.05.015","article-title":"Modeling developmental patterns of spontaneous activity","volume":"21","author":"J Gjorgjieva","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1039\/b907213f","article-title":"Theoretical models of spontaneous activity generation and propagation in the developing retina","volume":"5","author":"KB Godfrey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Biosyst"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"988","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1502","article-title":"Cortical calcium waves in resting newborn mice","volume":"8","author":"H Adelsberger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.178798","article-title":"Early NMDA receptor-driven waves of activity in the developing neocortex: physiological or pathological network oscillations","volume":"588","author":"C Allene","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11167","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-35-11167.2003","article-title":"Neuronal avalanches in neocortical circuits","volume":"23","author":"JM Beggs","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.03.015","article-title":"Synaptic and extrasynaptic factors governing glutamatergic retinal waves","volume":"62","author":"AG Blankenship","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(81)84782-0","article-title":"Voltage oscillations in the barnacle giant muscle fiber","volume":"35","author":"C Morris","year":"1981","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11529","article-title":"Retinal waves coordinate patterned activity throughout the developing visual system","volume":"490","author":"JB Ackman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.09.021","article-title":"Spatial-Temporal Patterns of Retinal Waves Underlying Activity- Dependent Refinement of Retinofugal Projections","volume":"64","author":"B Stafford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Keener J, Sneyd J (2001) Mathematical Physiology. New York: Springer."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ermentrout G, Terman D (2010) Mathematical foundations of neuroscience. New York: Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-87708-2"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC56","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-02-j0004.2000","article-title":"Differential effects of acetylcholine and glutamate blockade on the spatiotemporal dynamics of retinal waves","volume":"20","author":"E Sernagor","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7621","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-20-07621.2003","article-title":"Developmental modulation of retinal wave dynamics: shedding light on the GABA saga","volume":"23","author":"E Sernagor","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7672","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-20-07672.2000","article-title":"Mice lacking specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits exhibit dramatically altered spontaneous activity patterns and reveal a limited role for retinal waves in forming ON and OFF circuits in the inner retina","volume":"20","author":"A Bansal","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81121-6","article-title":"Dynamics of retinal waves are controlled by cyclic AMP","volume":"24","author":"D Stellwagen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01085.2012","article-title":"A role for TREK1 in generating the slow afterhyperpolarization in developing starburst amacrine cells","volume":"109","author":"K Ford","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15921","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0904089106","article-title":"Spontaneous cortical activity in awake monkeys composed of neuronal avalanches","volume":"106","author":"T Petermann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevA.38.364","article-title":"Self-organized criticality","volume":"38","author":"P Bak","year":"1988","journal-title":"Phys Rev A At Mol Opt Phys"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.69.1629","article-title":"Self-organized critical forest fire model","volume":"69","author":"B Drossel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/0375-9601(90)90451-S","article-title":"A forest-fire model and some thoughts on turbulence","volume":"147","author":"P Bak","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys Lett A"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/4\/1\/317","article-title":"Critical behaviour of the Drossel-Schwabl forest fire model","volume":"4","author":"P Grassberger","year":"2002","journal-title":"New J Phys"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.75.465","article-title":"Renormalization group approach to the critical behavior of the forest-fire model","volume":"75","author":"V Loreto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Phys Rev Lett"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.5194\/npg-18-381-2011","article-title":"A semi-phenomenological approach to explain the event-size distribution of the Drossel-Schwabl forest-fire model","volume":"18","author":"S Hergarten","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nonlin Processes Geophys"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80940-X","article-title":"Dynamic processes shape spatiotemporal properties of retinal waves","volume":"19","author":"MB Feller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-10-40","article-title":"Subsampling effects in neuronal avalanche distributions recorded in vivo","volume":"10","author":"V Priesemann","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1994.6.5.983","article-title":"Model based on extracellular potassium for spontaneous synchronous activity in developing retinas","volume":"6","author":"P Burgi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2004.066597","article-title":"Stage-dependent dynamics and modulation of spontaneous waves in the developing rabbit retina","volume":"560","author":"MM Syed","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80135-X","article-title":"Changing patterns of spontaneous bursting activity of on and off retinal ganglion cells during development","volume":"16","author":"RO Wong","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/374716a0","article-title":"Early functional neural networks in the developing retina","volume":"374","author":"R Wong","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spontaneous Network Activity and Synaptic Development","volume":"20","author":"D Kerschensteiner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12851","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3733-08.2008","article-title":"Sequential generation of two distinct synapse-driven network patterns in developing neocortex","volume":"28","author":"C All\u00e8ne","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00378.2007","article-title":"Generation of slow network oscillations in the developing rat hippocampus after blockade of glutamate uptake","volume":"98","author":"AA Cattani","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.05.012","article-title":"Intersecting circuits generate precisely patterned retinal waves","volume":"79","author":"A Akrouh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00039.2013","article-title":"Extrasynaptic glutamate and inhibitory neurotransmission modulate ganglion cell participation during glutamatergic retinal waves","volume":"109","author":"A Firl","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21630","article-title":"Spatial patterning of cholinergic amacrine cells in the mouse retina","volume":"508","author":"IE Whitney","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4383-06.2007","article-title":"Developmental homeostasis of mouse retinocollicular synapses","volume":"27","author":"AR Chandrasekaran","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000600","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000600","article-title":"A multi-component model of the developing retinocollicular pathway incorporating axonal and synaptic growth","volume":"5","author":"KB Godfrey","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1098\/rsta.2007.2092","article-title":"The criticality hypothesis: how local cortical networks might optimize information processing","volume":"366","author":"JM Beggs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15595","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3864-09.2009","article-title":"Neuronal avalanches imply maximum dynamic range in cortical networks at criticality","volume":"29","author":"WL Shew","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858412445487","article-title":"The functional benefits of criticality in the cortex","volume":"19","author":"WL Shew","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00163","article-title":"Being critical of criticality in the brain","volume":"3","author":"JM Beggs","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbiomolbio.2009.07.003","article-title":"Statistical mechanics of the neocortex","volume":"99","author":"MA Buice","year":"2009","journal-title":"Prog Biophys Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pruessner G (2012) Self-organised criticality: theory, models and characterisation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511977671"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"1","article-title":"Forest fires and other examples of self-organized criticality","volume":"8","author":"S Clar","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Phys: Cond Mat"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3580","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-09-03580.1999","article-title":"Retinal waves are governed by collective network properties","volume":"19","author":"DA Butts","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref57","unstructured":"Doedel EJ (2007) Auto 2007p: Continuation and bifurcation software for ordinary differential equations (with homcont). <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/cmvl.cs.concordia.ca\/auto\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/cmvl.cs.concordia.ca\/auto<\/ext-link>. Accessed 21 September 2014."}],"container-title":["PLoS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003953","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T22:15:58Z","timestamp":1588976158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003953"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Olaf","family":"Sporns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1003953","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,4]]}}}