{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T22:46:36Z","timestamp":1778193996124,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung (DE)","award":["Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Freiburg-T\u00fcbingen 01GQ0830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Freiburg-T\u00fcbingen 01GQ0830"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Brain-Links-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1086)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Brain-Links-BrainTools Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1086)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T18:03:44Z","timestamp":1470852224000},"page":"e1005054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Autonomous Optimization of Targeted Stimulation of Neuronal Networks"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Sreedhar S.","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"W\u00fclfing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samora","family":"Okujeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joschka","family":"Boedecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Riedmiller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4583-0425","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ulrich","family":"Egert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199909)14:5<847::AID-MDS1021>3.0.CO;2-G","article-title":"Efficacy of unilateral deep brain stimulation of the vim nucleus of the thalamus for essential head tremor","volume":"14","author":"WC Koller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Movement Disorders"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10309","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of thalamic deep brain stimulation for tremor: Double-blind assessments","volume":"18","author":"S Rehncrona","year":"2003","journal-title":"Movement Disorders"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa042187","article-title":"Bilateral Deep-Brain Stimulation of the Globus Pallidus in Primary Generalized Dystonia","volume":"352","author":"M Vidailhet","year":"2005","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035275","article-title":"Five-Year Follow-up of Bilateral Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Advanced Parkinson\u2019s Disease","volume":"349","author":"P Krack","year":"2003","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2004.09.001","article-title":"Deep brain stimulation for movement disorders and pain","volume":"12","author":"RG Bittar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"Industrial perspective on deep brain stimulation: history, current state, and future developments","author":"A Sarem-Aslani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Frontiers in integrative neuroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2196","article-title":"Translational principles of deep brain stimulation","volume":"8","author":"ML Kringelbach","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"222","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222ra19","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006820","article-title":"Restoring Natural Sensory Feedback in Real-Time Bidirectional Hand Prostheses","volume":"6","author":"S Raspopovic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science Translational Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2209","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-06-02209.1999","article-title":"Cellular Mechanisms Contributing to Response Variability of Cortical Neurons In Vivo","volume":"19","author":"R Azouz","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"47","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18772","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0705546104","article-title":"Natural stimuli evoke dynamic sequences of states in sensory cortical ensembles","volume":"104","author":"LM Jones","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4672","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2922-12.2013","article-title":"Spontaneous and Task-Evoked Brain Activity Negatively Interact","volume":"33","author":"BJ He","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13638","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2235811100","article-title":"Interaction of sensory responses with spontaneous depolarization in layer 2\/3 barrel cortex","volume":"100","author":"CCH Petersen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10451","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-23-10451.1999","article-title":"Trial-to-Trial Variability and State-Dependent Modulation of Auditory-Evoked Responses in Cortex","volume":"19","author":"MA Kisley","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"5283","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1868","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5283.1868","article-title":"Dynamics of Ongoing Activity: Explanation of the Large Variability in Evoked Cortical Responses","volume":"273","author":"A Arieli","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"36","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9607","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2184-07.2007","article-title":"State Changes Rapidly Modulate Cortical Neuronal Responsiveness","volume":"27","author":"A Hasenstaub","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01614","article-title":"Attractor dynamics of network UP states in the neocortex","volume":"419","author":"R Cossart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01616","article-title":"Turning on and off recurrent balanced cortical activity","volume":"419","author":"Y Shu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0020023","article-title":"The Emergence of Up and Down States in Cortical Networks","volume":"2","author":"D Holcman","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"48","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16332","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4859-10.2010","article-title":"Dynamics of Excitability over Extended Timescales in Cultured Cortical Neurons","volume":"30","author":"A Gal","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00481.2012","article-title":"Quantitative examination of stimulus-response relations in cortical networks in vitro","volume":"109","author":"O Weihberger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of neurophysiology"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Controlling neural network responsiveness: tradeoffs and constraints","author":"H Keren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroengineering"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.08.023","article-title":"Closed-loop deep brain stimulation is superior in ameliorating parkinsonism","volume":"72","author":"B Rosin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23951","article-title":"Adaptive deep brain stimulation in advanced Parkinson disease","volume":"74","author":"S Little","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annals of neurology"},{"issue":"28","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9588","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0661-10.2010","article-title":"Tradeoffs and Constraints on Neural Representation in Networks of Cortical Neurons","volume":"30","author":"E Kermany","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wagenaar D, DeMarse TB, Potter SM. MeaBench: A toolset for multi-electrode data acquisition and on-line analysis. In: Conference Proceedings. 2nd International IEEE EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering. 2005. p. 518\u2013521.","DOI":"10.1109\/CNE.2005.1419673"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8465","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1627-06.2006","article-title":"Dynamics and Effective Topology Underlying Synchronization in Networks of Cortical Neurons","volume":"26","author":"D Eytan","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-007-0059-1","article-title":"Spontaneous coordinated activity in cultured networks: Analysis of multiple ignition sites, primary circuits, and burst phase delay distributions","volume":"24","author":"M Ham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Computational Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00992698","article-title":"Q-learning","volume":"8","author":"CJ Watkins","year":"1992","journal-title":"Machine learning"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000136","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000136","article-title":"Long-Term Relationships between Synaptic Tenacity, Synaptic Remodeling, and Network Activity","volume":"7","author":"A Minerbi","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2200\/S00268ED1V01Y201005AIM009","article-title":"Algorithms for reinforcement learning","volume":"4","author":"C Szepesv\u00e1ri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Synthesis lectures on artificial intelligence and machine learning"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Riedmiller M. Neural Fitted Q Iteration\u2014First experiences with a data efficient neural Reinforcement Learning Method. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science: Proc. of the European Conference on Machine Learning, ECML 2005. Porto, Portugal; 2005. p. 317\u2013328.","DOI":"10.1007\/11564096_32"},{"issue":"7540","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14236","article-title":"Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning","volume":"518","author":"V Mnih","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"ref33","first-page":"503","article-title":"Tree-based batch mode reinforcement learning","volume":"6","author":"D Ernst","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Guez A, Vincent RD, Avoli M, Pineau J. Adaptive Treatment of Epilepsy via Batch-mode Reinforcement Learning. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Third AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2008, Chicago, Illinois, USA, July 13\u201317; 2008. p. 1671\u20131678. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.aaai.org\/Library\/IAAI\/2008\/iaai08-008.php\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.aaai.org\/Library\/IAAI\/2008\/iaai08-008.php<\/ext-link>."}],"container-title":["PLOS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005054","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T12:51:21Z","timestamp":1589028681000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005054"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Saad","family":"Jbabdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005054","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}}}