{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T06:16:13Z","timestamp":1772172973207,"version":"3.50.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009540","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000}}],"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000266","name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EP\/S022244\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EP\/S022244\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000266","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1131603"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1131603"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mathematical models of vector-borne infections, including malaria, often assume age-independent mortality rates of vectors, despite evidence that many insects senesce. In this study we present survival data on insecticide-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Anopheles gambiae s.l<\/jats:italic>\n                    . from experiments in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. We fit a constant mortality function and two age-dependent functions (logistic and Gompertz) to the data from mosquitoes exposed (treated) and not exposed (control) to insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), to establish biologically realistic survival functions. This enables us to explore the effects of insecticide exposure on mosquito mortality rates, and the extent to which insecticide resistance might impact the effectiveness of ITNs. We investigate this by calculating the expected number of infectious bites a mosquito will take in its lifetime, and by extension the vectorial capacity. Our results show that the predicted vectorial capacity is substantially lower in mosquitoes exposed to ITNs, despite the mosquitoes in the experiment being highly insecticide-resistant. The more realistic age-dependent functions provide a better fit to the experimental data compared to a constant mortality function and, hence, influence the predicted impact of ITNs on malaria transmission potential. In models with age-independent mortality, there is a great reduction for the vectorial capacity under exposure compared to no exposure. However, the two age-dependent functions predicted an even larger reduction due to exposure, highlighting the impact of incorporating age in the mortality rates. These results further show that multiple exposures to ITNs had a considerable effect on the vectorial capacity. Overall, the study highlights the importance of including age dependency in mathematical models of vector-borne disease transmission and in fully understanding the impact of interventions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]],"date-time":"2022-09-19T13:37:52Z","timestamp":1663594672000},"page":"e1009540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Omitting age-dependent mosquito mortality in malaria models underestimates the effectiveness of insecticide-treated nets"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0451-4960","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Melissa A.","family":"Iacovidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4839-6441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Priscille","family":"Barreaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8375-5542","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon E. F.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7684-0386","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3017-0540","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Erin E.","family":"Gorsich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8414-7648","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kat S.","family":"Rock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref001","unstructured":"Geneva: WHO. World malaria report 2020: 20 years of global progress and challenges. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; 2020."},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref002","unstructured":"Geneva: WHO. Global technical strategy for malaria 2016\u20132030, 2021 update; 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-malaria-programme\/global-technical-strategy-for-malaria-2016-2030."},{"issue":"7572","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15535","article-title":"The effect of malaria control on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa between 2000 and 2015","volume":"526","author":"S Bhatt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2010.08.004","article-title":"Pyrethroid resistance in African anopheline mosquitoes: what are the implications for malaria control?","volume":"27","author":"H Ranson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-021-04026-0","article-title":"Design and methods for a quasi-experimental pilot study to evaluate the impact of dual active ingredient insecticide-treated nets on malaria burden in five regions in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"21","author":"A Gansan\u00e9","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malaria journal"},{"issue":"10331","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02499-5","article-title":"Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness against malaria of three types of dual-active-ingredient long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) compared with pyrethroid-only LLINs in Tanzania: a four-arm, cluster-randomised trial","volume":"399","author":"JF Mosha","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-05879-1","article-title":"Assessing the efficacy of two dual-active ingredients long-lasting insecticidal nets for the control of malaria transmitted by pyrethroid-resistant vectors in Benin: study protocol for a three-arm, single-blinded, parallel, cluster-randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"M Accrombessi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC infectious diseases"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref008","article-title":"Threats to the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bednets for malaria control: thinking beyond insecticide resistance","author":"SW Lindsay","year":"2021","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2017.04.006","article-title":"Malaria vector control still matters despite insecticide resistance","volume":"33","author":"H Alout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends in parasitology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001619","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001619","article-title":"The impact of pyrethroid resistance on the efficacy of insecticide-treated bed nets against African anopheline mosquitoes: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"C Strode","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05220-y","article-title":"Use of novel lab assays to examine the effect of pyrethroid-treated bed nets on blood-feeding success and longevity of highly insecticide-resistant Anopheles gambiae sl mosquitoes","volume":"15","author":"P Barreaux","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12574","article-title":"Empirical and theoretical investigation into the potential impacts of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of insecticide-treated bed nets","volume":"11","author":"KD Glunt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evolutionary applications"},{"issue":"32","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8975","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1603431113","article-title":"Delayed mortality effects cut the malaria transmission potential of insecticide-resistant mosquitoes","volume":"113","author":"M Viana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3872-2","article-title":"Anopheles gambiae populations from Burkina Faso show minimal delayed mortality after exposure to insecticide-treated nets","volume":"13","author":"A Hughes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref015","first-page":"1691","article-title":"Increased pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors and decreased bed net effectiveness, Burkina Faso","volume":"20","author":"KH To\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/tru026","article-title":"Recasting the theory of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission dynamics and control","volume":"108","author":"DL Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029300200103","article-title":"The estimation of the basic reproduction number for infectious diseases","volume":"2","author":"K Dietz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Statistical methods in medical research"},{"issue":"4964","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1038\/2041173a0","article-title":"Prognosis for interruption of malaria transmission through assessment of the mosquito\u2019s vectorial capacity","volume":"204","author":"C Garrett-Jones","year":"1964","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002588","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002588","article-title":"Ross, Macdonald, and a theory for the dynamics and control of mosquito-transmitted pathogens","volume":"8","author":"DL Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.111","article-title":"Mosquitoes do senesce: departure from the paradigm of constant mortality","volume":"76","author":"LM Styer","year":"2007","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-228","article-title":"Anopheles mortality is both age-and Plasmodium-density dependent: implications for malaria transmission","volume":"8","author":"EJ Dawes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Malaria journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e10165","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010165","article-title":"The importance of age dependent mortality and the extrinsic incubation period in models of mosquito-borne disease transmission and control","volume":"5","author":"SE Bellan","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39479","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039479","article-title":"An age-structured extension to the vectorial capacity model","volume":"7","author":"VN Novoseltsev","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1890\/ES15-00094.1","article-title":"Malaria control and senescence: the importance of accounting for the pace and shape of aging in wild mosquitoes","volume":"6","author":"SJ Ryan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ecosphere"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004837","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004837","article-title":"The interaction between vector life history and short vector life in vector-borne disease transmission and control","volume":"12","author":"SP Brand","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS computational biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjz207","article-title":"Vectorial transmission of malaria in major districts of C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"57","author":"KF Assouho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of medical entomology"},{"issue":"10130","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30324-6","article-title":"Malaria","volume":"391","author":"EA Ashley","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-71933-8","article-title":"Fine scale spatial investigation of multiple insecticide resistance and underlying target-site and metabolic mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae in central C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire","volume":"10","author":"WA Oumbouke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e58322","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058322","article-title":"Effects of age and larval nutrition on phenotypic expression of insecticide-resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes","volume":"8","author":"K Kulma","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref030","unstructured":"WHO, et al. Test procedures for insecticide resistance monitoring in malaria vector mosquitoes; 2016."},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2019.e02577","article-title":"An alternative model to explain the vectorial capacity using as example Aedes aegypti case in dengue transmission","volume":"5","author":"A Catano-Lopez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89783","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089783","article-title":"Vectorial capacity of Aedes aegypti: effects of temperature and implications for global dengue epidemic potential","volume":"9","author":"J Liu-Helmersson","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0593-4","article-title":"Capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria depends on larval environment","volume":"7","author":"LL Moller-Jacobs","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762012000400022","article-title":"Vectorial capacity, basic reproduction number, force of infection and all that: formal notation to complete and adjust their classical concepts and equations","volume":"107","author":"E Massad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mem\u00f3rias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref035","unstructured":"CDC. CDC\u2014Malaria\u2014About Malaria\u2014Biology; 2020. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/malaria\/about\/biology\/index.html."},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1008658","article-title":"Estimating the extrinsic incubation period of malaria using a mechanistic model of sporogony","volume":"17","author":"IJ Stopard","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Computational Biology"},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2003489","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2003489","article-title":"Quantifying the effects of temperature on mosquito and parasite traits that determine the transmission potential of human malaria","volume":"15","author":"LL Shapiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS biology"},{"issue":"1834","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20160298","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2016.0298","article-title":"Larval food quantity affects the capacity of adult mosquitoes to transmit human malaria","volume":"283","author":"LL Shapiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2020.05.012","article-title":"High Plasmodium infection intensity in naturally infected malaria vectors in Africa","volume":"50","author":"A Bompard","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27771","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27771","article-title":"Malaria transmission potential could be reduced with current and future climate change","volume":"6","author":"C Murdock","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"20","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2007.1110","article-title":"Assessing the risk of bluetongue to UK livestock: uncertainty and sensitivity analyses of a temperature-dependent model for the basic reproduction number","volume":"5","author":"S Gubbins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e174","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0020174","article-title":"Appropriate models for the management of infectious diseases","volume":"2","author":"HJ Wearing","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref043","first-page":"1","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of the strategy to eliminate human African trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"8","author":"KS Rock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192173","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.192173","article-title":"The impact of within-vector parasite development on the extrinsic incubation period","volume":"7","author":"LM Childs","year":"2020","journal-title":"Royal Society open science"},{"issue":"11","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50972","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050972","article-title":"The incubation periods of dengue viruses","volume":"7","author":"M Chan","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref046","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Markov Processes for Stochastic Modeling (Second Edition)","author":"OC Ibe","year":"2013"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2015.02.006","article-title":"Age-and bite-structured models for vector-borne diseases","volume":"12","author":"K Rock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.2307\/2402401","article-title":"The analysis of mortality and survival rates in wild populations of mosquitoes","author":"A Clements","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of applied ecology"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref049","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez G. Lecture Notes on Generalized Linear Models; 2007. Available from: https:\/\/data.princeton.edu\/wws509\/notes\/."},{"issue":"24","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.00615","article-title":"Optim: A mathematical optimization package for Julia","volume":"3","author":"PK Mogensen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Open Source Software"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1137\/141000671","article-title":"Julia: A fresh approach to numerical computing","volume":"59","author":"J Bezanson","year":"2017","journal-title":"SIAM Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2005.01.010","article-title":"Cuba\u2014a library for multidimensional numerical integration","volume":"168","author":"T Hahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Computer Physics Communications"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpc.2016.05.012","article-title":"Concurrent cuba","volume":"207","author":"T Hahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Computer Physics Communications"},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e761","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000761","article-title":"Modeling transmission dynamics and control of vector-borne neglected tropical diseases","volume":"4","author":"PM Luz","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2014.08.007","article-title":"Seven challenges for modelling indirect transmission: Vector-borne diseases, macroparasites and neglected tropical diseases","volume":"10","author":"TD Hollingsworth","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-10-303","article-title":"A malaria transmission-directed model of mosquito life cycle and ecology","volume":"10","author":"PA Eckhoff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Malaria journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-424","article-title":"An agent-based model of the population dynamics of Anopheles gambiae","volume":"13","author":"S Arifin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Malaria journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-308","article-title":"Agent-based modeling of malaria vectors: the importance of spatial simulation","volume":"7","author":"A Bomblies","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-45261-5","article-title":"The relationship between insecticide resistance, mosquito age and malaria prevalence in Anopheles gambiae sl from Guinea","volume":"9","author":"E Collins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"32","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8900","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609889113","article-title":"The threat (or not) of insecticide resistance for malaria control","volume":"113","author":"MB Thomas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"9","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24968","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024968","article-title":"The effects of age, exposure history and malaria infection on the susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to low concentrations of pyrethroid","volume":"6","author":"KD Glunt","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1430","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1999.0839","article-title":"The effect of Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis infection on the feeding persistence of Anopheles stephensi Liston throughout the sporogonic cycle","volume":"266","author":"RA Anderson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1992.47.484","article-title":"Effect of Plasmodium falciparum on blood feeding behavior of naturally infected Anopheles mosquitoes in western Kenya","volume":"47","author":"JW Wekesa","year":"1992","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"1763","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20130711","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.0711","article-title":"\u2018Manipulation\u2019without the parasite: altered feeding behaviour of mosquitoes is not dependent on infection with malaria parasites","volume":"280","author":"LJ Cator","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1984.33.17","article-title":"Increased intradermal probing time in sporozoite-infected mosquitoes","volume":"33","author":"P Rossignol","year":"1984","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1009131","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009131","article-title":"Multiple blood feeding in mosquitoes shortens the Plasmodium falciparum incubation period and increases malaria transmission potential","volume":"16","author":"WR Shaw","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Pathogens"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref067","first-page":"1","article-title":"Rethinking the extrinsic incubation period of malaria parasites","volume":"11","author":"JR Ohm","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100382","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2019.100382","article-title":"Temperature-dependent variation in the extrinsic incubation period elevates the risk of vector-borne disease emergence","volume":"30","author":"T Kamiya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2011.1075","article-title":"Warmer temperatures reduce the vectorial capacity of malaria mosquitoes","volume":"8","author":"KP Paaijmans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biology letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref070","first-page":"121","article-title":"Modelling the effect of temperature change on the extrinsic incubation period and reproductive number of Plasmodium falciparum in Malaysia","volume":"29","author":"T Chua","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"key":"pcbi.1009540.ref071","first-page":"1","article-title":"The influence of feeding behaviour and temperature on the capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria","author":"E Suh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Ecology & Evolution"},{"issue":"81","key":"pcbi.1009540.ref072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20120921","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2012.0921","article-title":"A systematic review of mathematical models of mosquito-borne pathogen transmission: 1970\u20132010","volume":"10","author":"RC Reiner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of The Royal Society Interface"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009540","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009540","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:42:19Z","timestamp":1701045739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009540"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"T. Alex","family":"Perkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009540","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.10.08.463615","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,19]]}}}