{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T06:18:44Z","timestamp":1772173124865,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FWF P 34922-N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWF P 34922-N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002428","name":"Austrian Science Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FWF P 28141-B25"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWF P 28141-B25"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002428","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    House mice communicate through ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs), which are above the range of human hearing (&gt;20 kHz), and several automated methods have been developed for USV detection and classification. Here we evaluate their advantages and disadvantages in a full, systematic comparison, while also presenting a new approach. This study aims to 1) determine the most efficient USV detection tool among the existing methods, and 2) develop a classification model that is more generalizable than existing methods. In both cases, we aim to minimize the user intervention required for processing new data. We compared the performance of four detection methods in an out-of-the-box approach, pretrained DeepSqueak detector, MUPET, USVSEG, and the Automatic Mouse Ultrasound Detector (A-MUD). We also compared these methods to human visual or \u2018manual\u2019 classification (ground truth) after assessing its reliability. A-MUD and USVSEG outperformed the other methods in terms of true positive rates using default and adjusted settings, respectively, and A-MUD outperformed USVSEG when false detection rates were also considered. For automating the classification of USVs, we developed\n                    <jats:italic>BootSnap<\/jats:italic>\n                    for supervised classification, which combines bootstrapping on Gammatone Spectrograms and Convolutional Neural Networks algorithms with Snapshot ensemble learning. It successfully classified calls into 12 types, including a new class of false positives that is useful for detection refinement.\n                    <jats:italic>BootSnap<\/jats:italic>\n                    outperformed the pretrained and retrained state-of-the-art tool, and thus it is more generalizable.\n                    <jats:italic>BootSnap<\/jats:italic>\n                    is freely available for scientific use.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T13:25:19Z","timestamp":1652361919000},"page":"e1010049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Capturing the songs of mice with an improved detection and classification method for ultrasonic vocalizations (BootSnap)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8423-6672","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Reyhaneh","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4939-0831","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Peter","family":"Balazs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3429-7415","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Adelaide","family":"Marconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0478-4995","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Doris","family":"Nicolakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0698-5299","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Zala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dustin J.","family":"Penn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-809600-0.00018-4","article-title":"Characteristics of vocalization in adult mice","author":"G. Ehret","year":"2018","journal-title":"Handbook of behavioral neuroscience"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref002","volume-title":"Handbook of Ultrasonic Vocalization: A Window Into the Emotional Brain","author":"SM Brudzynski","year":"2018"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.03.029","article-title":"Determinants of the mouse ultrasonic vocal structure and repertoire.","volume":"65","author":"J Heckman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2010.00610.x","article-title":"Ultrasonic vocalizations in mouse models for speech and socio-cognitive disorders: insights into the evolution of vocal communication","volume":"10","author":"J Fischer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes, Brain and Behavior"},{"issue":"8","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3067","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0003067","article-title":"Unusual repertoire of vocalizations in the BTBR T+ tf\/J mouse model of autism.","volume":"3","author":"ML Scattoni","year":"2008","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref006","article-title":"Ultrasonic courtship vocalizations of male house mice contain distinct individual signatures","author":"MA Marconi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animal Behaviour"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12983-020-00353-1","article-title":"Ultrasonic vocalizations in house mice depend upon genetic relatedness of mating partners and correlate with subsequent reproductive success","volume":"17","author":"D Nicolakis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in zoology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97244","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097244","article-title":"A role for ultrasonic vocalisation in social communication and divergence of natural populations of the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus).","volume":"9","author":"S von Merten","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"issue":"8","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134123","article-title":"Ultrasonic vocalizations of male mice differ among species and females show assortative preferences for male calls.","volume":"10","author":"K Musolf","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS one."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10164-011-0312-y","article-title":"Ultrasonic courtship vocalizations in wild house mice: spectrographic analyses","volume":"30","author":"F Hoffmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of ethology"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref011","volume-title":"Discrete-time signal processing","author":"AV Oppenheim","year":"1999","edition":"2"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-84858-7_14","volume-title":"The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference and Prediction.","author":"T Hastie","year":"2009","edition":"2"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.04.005","article-title":"MUPET\u2014mouse ultrasonic profile extraction: a signal processing tool for rapid and unsupervised analysis of ultrasonic vocalizations","volume":"94","author":"M Van Segbroeck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"123","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3791\/54137","article-title":"Eliciting and analyzing male mouse ultrasonic vocalization (USV) songs.","author":"J Chabout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of visualized experiments: JoVE"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/srep10237","article-title":"VoICE: A semi-automated pipeline for standardizing vocal analysis across models.","volume":"5","author":"ZD Burkett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scientific reports."},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0303-6","article-title":"DeepSqueak: a deep learning-based system for detection and analysis of ultrasonic vocalizations","volume":"44","author":"KR Coffey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0196834","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196834","article-title":"Functional clustering of mouse ultrasonic vocalization data","volume":"13","author":"X Dou","year":"2018","journal-title":"PloS ONE"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2015.00076","article-title":"Male mice song syntax depends on social contexts and influences female preferences","volume":"9","author":"J Chabout","year":"2015","journal-title":"Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e67855","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.67855","article-title":"Low-dimensional learned feature spaces quantify individual and group differences in vocal repertoires.","volume":"10","author":"J Goffinet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-183X.2010.00623.x","article-title":"Unusual repertoire of vocalizations in adult BTBR T+ tf\/J mice during three types of social encounters","volume":"10","author":"ML Scattoni","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes, Brain and Behavior"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0152255","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152255","article-title":"Communication at the garden fence\u2013context dependent vocalization in female house mice.","volume":"11","author":"S Hoier","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.129361","article-title":"Evidence for an audience effect in mice: male social partners alter the male vocal response to female cues","volume":"219","author":"KM Seagraves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180378","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.180378","article-title":"Mice modulate ultrasonic calling bouts according to sociosexual context","volume":"5","author":"YK Matsumoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Royal Society open science"},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0188647","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0188647","article-title":"Sex-dependent modulation of ultrasonic vocalizations in house mice (Mus musculus musculus).","volume":"12","author":"SM Zala","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS ONE."},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0147102","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147102","article-title":"Phase-specific vocalizations of male mice at the initial encounter during the courtship sequence.","volume":"11","author":"YK Matsumoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anbehav.2017.01.021","article-title":"What\u2019s in a squeak? Female vocal signals predict the sexual behaviour of male house mice during courtship","volume":"126","author":"CJ Finton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Animal Behaviour"},{"issue":"9","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0204527","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204527","article-title":"Sex differences in vocal communication of freely interacting adult mice depend upon behavioral context.","volume":"13","author":"MR Warren","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS one"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2020.108913","article-title":"A comparison of the Avisoft (v. 5.2) and MATLAB Mouse Song Analyzer (v. 1.3) vocalization analysis systems in C57BL\/6, Fmr1-FVB. 129, NS-Pten-FVB, and 129 mice.","volume":"346","author":"M Binder","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0228907","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228907","article-title":"USVSEG: A robust method for segmentation of ultrasonic vocalizations in rodents.","volume":"15","author":"RO Tachibana","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0181200","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0181200","article-title":"Automatic mouse ultrasound detector (A-MUD): A new tool for processing rodent vocalizations.","volume":"12","author":"SM Zala","year":"2017","journal-title":"PloS ONE."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2018.08.015","article-title":"A comparison of the Avisoft (5.2) and Ultravox (2.0) recording systems: Implications for early-life communication and vocalization research.","volume":"309","author":"M Binder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of neuroscience methods"},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0242959","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0242959","article-title":"Primed to vocalize: Wild-derived male house mice increase vocalization rate and diversity after a previous encounter with a female.","volume":"15","author":"SM Zala","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2009.191","article-title":"A survey on transfer learning","volume":"22","author":"SJ Pan","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on knowledge and data engineering"},{"issue":"494","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref034","first-page":"156","article-title":"The evolution of communication: information and manipulation","volume":"2","author":"RH Wiley","year":"1983","journal-title":"Animal behaviour"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smith AA, Kristensen D. Deep learning to extract laboratory mouse ultrasonic vocalizations from scalograms. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM); 2017: IEEE. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/BIBM.2017.8217964.","DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM.2017.8217964"},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2002.1017616","article-title":"An efficient k-means clustering algorithm: Analysis and implementation","volume":"24","author":"T Kanungo","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.specom.2007.07.003","article-title":"Supervised and unsupervised learning of multidimensionally varying non-native speech categories.","volume":"50","author":"M Goudbeek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Speech communication."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20809","article-title":"Comparison between supervised and unsupervised classifications of neuronal cell types: a case study.","volume":"71","author":"L Guerra","year":"2011","journal-title":"Developmental neurobiology"},{"issue":"S1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S163","DOI":"10.1017\/S0959270908000415","article-title":"Automated sound recording and analysis techniques for bird surveys and conservation","volume":"18","author":"TS Brandes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bird Conservation International"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8100","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44221-3","article-title":"Quantifying ultrasonic mouse vocalizations using acoustic analysis in a supervised statistical machine learning framework.","volume":"9","author":"AP Vogel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific reports."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0244636","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244636","article-title":"Automatic classification of mice vocalizations using Machine Learning techniques and Convolutional Neural Networks.","volume":"16","author":"M Premoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plos one."},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCA.2008.923034","article-title":"Mining with noise knowledge: error-aware data mining","volume":"38","author":"X Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref043","author":"R Abbasi","journal-title":"Applying convolutional neural networks to the analysis of mouse ultrasonic vocalizations2019: Universit\u00e4tsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref044","article-title":"Snapshot ensembles: Train 1, get m for free.","author":"G Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:00109."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/b12207","volume-title":"Ensemble methods: foundations and algorithms","author":"Z-H Zhou","year":"2012"},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40782","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040782","article-title":"Female presence and estrous state influence mouse ultrasonic courtship vocalizations.","volume":"7","author":"JL Hanson","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9781410611147","volume-title":"Detection theory: A user\u2019s guide","author":"NA Macmillan","year":"2004","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1121\/1.381704","article-title":"On cochlear encoding: Potentialities and limitations of the reverse-correlation technique","volume":"63","author":"E De Boer","year":"1978","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-54711-4_10","volume-title":"Excursions in Harmonic Analysis","author":"P Balazs","year":"2017"},{"issue":"1998","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref050","first-page":"1194","article-title":"Auditory toolbox.","volume":"10","author":"M. Slaney","year":"1998","journal-title":"Interval Research Corporation, Tech Rep."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref051","article-title":"Low-resource noise-robust feature post-processing on Aurora 2.0","author":"C-P Chen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Seventh International Conference on Spoken Language Processing"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1979.1163188","article-title":"A fast two-dimensional median filtering algorithm","volume":"27","author":"T Huang","year":"1979","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref053","volume-title":"Deep learning:","author":"I Goodfellow","year":"2016"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00344251","article-title":"A self-organizing neural network model for a mechanism of pattern recognition unaffected by shift in position.","volume":"36","author":"K. Fukushima","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biol Cybern."},{"issue":"11","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1109\/5.726791","article-title":"Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition","volume":"86","author":"Y LeCun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref056","volume-title":"Machine learning: a probabilistic perspective","author":"KP Murphy","year":"2012"},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6232","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2016.2584107","article-title":"Deep feature extraction and classification of hyperspectral images based on convolutional neural networks","volume":"54","author":"Y Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1970.10488634","article-title":"Ridge regression: Biased estimation for nonorthogonal problems.","volume":"12","author":"AE Hoerl","year":"1970","journal-title":"Technometrics"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref059","volume-title":"A method for unconstrained convex minimization problem with the rate of convergence O (1\/k^ 2).","author":"Y. Nesterov","year":"1983"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He K, Zhang X, Ren S, Sun J. Delving deep into rectifiers: Surpassing human-level performance on imagenet classification. Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on computer vision; 2015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCV.2015.123.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.123"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2020.00105","article-title":"Improving the generalizability of convolutional neural network-based segmentation on CMR images.","volume":"7","author":"C Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref062","first-page":"1929","article-title":"Dropout: a simple way to prevent neural networks from overfitting.","volume":"15","author":"N Srivastava","year":"2014","journal-title":"The journal of machine learning research"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/ISM.2015.126","volume-title":"Deep learning for imbalanced multimedia data classification","author":"Y Yan","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009636300083","article-title":"Evaluating the generalization ability of support vector machines through the bootstrap","volume":"11","author":"D Anguita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neural Processing Letters"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1145\/1007730.1007735","article-title":"A study of the behavior of several methods for balancing machine learning training data.","volume":"6","author":"GE Batista","year":"2004","journal-title":"ACM SIGKDD explorations newsletter."},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pan.a004868","article-title":"Logistic regression in rare events data.","volume":"9","author":"G King","year":"2001","journal-title":"Political analysis."},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen T, Guestrin C. Xgboost: A scalable tree boosting system. Proceedings of the 22nd acm sigkdd international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining; 2016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2939672.2939785.","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref068","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of machine learning","author":"C Sammut","year":"2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1893","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001893","article-title":"Ultrasonic vocalizations induced by sex and amphetamine in M2, M4, M5 muscarinic and D2 dopamine receptor knockout mice","volume":"3","author":"H Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"Nov","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref070","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE.","volume":"9","author":"Maaten Lvd","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of machine learning research"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59161","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.59161","article-title":"Analysis of ultrasonic vocalizations from mice using computer vision and machine learning","volume":"10","author":"AH Fonseca","year":"2021","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"pcbi.1010049.ref072","article-title":"Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks","author":"A Krizhevsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Advances in neural information processing systems"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e91676","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091676","article-title":"Frequency tuning in the behaving mouse: different bandwidths for discrimination and generalization.","volume":"9","author":"L de Hoz","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e85405","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0085405","article-title":"Discrimination of ultrasonic vocalizations by CBA\/CaJ mice (Mus musculus) is related to spectrotemporal dissimilarity of vocalizations.","volume":"9","author":"EG Neilans","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS one."},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0049-19.2019","article-title":"Perception of ultrasonic vocalizations by socially housed and isolated mice.","volume":"6","author":"LA Screven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eneuro"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1010049.ref076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4962223","article-title":"Discrimination of frequency modulated sweeps by mice","volume":"140","author":"LA Screven","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America"}],"container-title":["PLOS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010049","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]],"date-time":"2022-05-12T13:26:34Z","timestamp":1652361994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010049"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Dan","family":"Stowell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010049","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.05.20.444981","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,12]]}}}