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Here we test the proposal that differences from clock time in subjective experience of time arise because time estimates are constructed by accumulating the same quantity that guides perception: salient events. Healthy human participants watched naturalistic, silent videos of up to 24 seconds in duration and estimated their duration while fMRI was acquired. We were able to reconstruct trial-by-trial biases in participants\u2019 duration reports, which reflect subjective experience of duration, purely from salient events in their visual cortex BOLD activity. By contrast, salient events in neither of two control regions<jats:strike>\u2013<\/jats:strike>auditory and somatosensory cortex\u2013were predictive of duration biases. These results held despite being able to (trivially) predict clock time from all three brain areas. Our results reveal that the information arising during perceptual processing of a dynamic environment provides a sufficient basis for reconstructing human subjective time duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010223","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T17:40:39Z","timestamp":1657215639000},"page":"e1010223","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Trial-by-trial predictions of subjective time from human brain activity"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0954-7040","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maxine T.","family":"Sherman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6312-3409","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zafeirios","family":"Fountas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1421-6051","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Anil K.","family":"Seth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2216-6741","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Warrick","family":"Roseboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1010223.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.06.002","article-title":"Human time perception and its illusions","volume":"18","author":"DM Eagleman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1010223.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8825","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08825","article-title":"Temporal frequency of events rather than speed dilates perceived duration of moving objects","volume":"5","author":"D Linares","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1010223.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1167\/6.12.8","article-title":"Time dilation in dynamic visual display","volume":"6","author":"R Kanai","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pcbi.1010223.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76074","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0076074","article-title":"How Long Depends on How Fast\u2014Perceived Flicker Dilates Subjective Duration","volume":"8","author":"SK Herbst","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"pcbi.1010223.ref005","volume-title":"On the Experience of Time","author":"R. 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