{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T22:07:24Z","timestamp":1780956444823,"version":"3.54.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697068800000}}],"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-10-INBS-04, ANR-10-LABX-0004 and ANR-10-LABX-0020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-10-INBS-04, ANR-10-LABX-0004 and ANR-10-LABX-0020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["05K2013, 05K2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["05K2013, 05K2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007316","name":"Klaus Tschira Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007316","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003542","name":"Ministerium f\u00fcr Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kunst Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INST 35\/1314-1 FUGG and INST 35\/1134-1 FUGG"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INST 35\/1314-1 FUGG and INST 35\/1134-1 FUGG"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004792","name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'Enseignement Sup\u00e9rieur et de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3DNaviBee ANR-19-CE37-0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3DNaviBee ANR-19-CE37-0024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Agence de la Transition Ecologique","award":["project LOTAPIS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project LOTAPIS"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FEDER ECONECT MP0021763, ERC Cog BEE-MOVE GA101002644"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FEDER ECONECT MP0021763, ERC Cog BEE-MOVE GA101002644"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Analysing large numbers of brain samples can reveal minor, but statistically and biologically relevant variations in brain morphology that provide critical insights into animal behaviour, ecology and evolution. So far, however, such analyses have required extensive manual effort, which considerably limits the scope for comparative research. Here we used micro-CT imaging and deep learning to perform automated analyses of 3D image data from 187 honey bee and bumblebee brains. We revealed strong inter-individual variations in total brain size that are consistent across colonies and species, and may underpin behavioural variability central to complex social organisations. In addition, the bumblebee dataset showed a significant level of lateralization in optic and antennal lobes, providing a potential explanation for reported variations in visual and olfactory learning. Our fast, robust and user-friendly approach holds considerable promises for carrying out large-scale quantitative neuroanatomical comparisons across a wider range of animals. Ultimately, this will help address fundamental unresolved questions related to the evolution of animal brains and cognition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T17:31:35Z","timestamp":1696267895000},"page":"e1011529","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Natural variability in bee brain size and symmetry revealed by micro-CT imaging and deep learning"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0506-1171","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philipp D.","family":"L\u00f6sel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7716-421X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Coline","family":"Monchanin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5819-2653","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Renaud","family":"Lebrun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Jayme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9275-7922","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacob J.","family":"Relle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9873-2204","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Devaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-7558","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Vincent","family":"Heuveline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2463-2040","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mathieu","family":"Lihoreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref001","author":"T. Appenzeller","year":"2017","journal-title":"The AI revolution in science"},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6505(1998)6:5<178::AID-EVAN5>3.0.CO;2-8","article-title":"The social brain hypothesis","volume":"6","author":"RIM Dunbar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Evol Anthropol Issues News Rev"},{"issue":"6081","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1222102","article-title":"Impacts of biodiversity loss","volume":"336","author":"B. Cardinale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-013-3667-1","article-title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of brain structures of the rodent Octodon degus: a brain atlas constructed by combining histological and magnetic resonance images","volume":"231","author":"N Kumazawa-Manita","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2009.09.001","article-title":"A combined histological and MRI brain atlas of the common marmoset monkey, Callithrix jacchus","volume":"62","author":"JD Newman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(02)00656-5","article-title":"The Drosophila standard brain","volume":"12","author":"K Rein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199546756.001.0001","volume-title":"Adaptation and the brain","author":"SD Healy","year":"2021","edition":"1"},{"issue":"11","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3921","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308650111","article-title":"In vivo X-ray cine-tomography for tracking morphological dynamics","volume":"111","author":"T dos Santos Rolo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1179\/1743280413Y.0000000023","article-title":"Quantitative X-ray tomography","volume":"59","author":"E Maire","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int Mater Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref010","first-page":"133","article-title":"Comparative analysis of worker head anatomy of Formica and Brachyponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).","volume":"78","author":"A Richter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthropod Syst Phylogeny"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3325","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05654-y","article-title":"Parasitoid biology preserved in mineralized fossils","volume":"9","author":"T van de Kamp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asd.2015.07.004","article-title":"Comparative thorax morphology of death-feigning flightless cryptorhynchine weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) based on 3D reconstructions.","volume":"44","author":"T van de Kamp","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthropod Struct Dev"},{"issue":"1922","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20192442","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2019.2442","article-title":"Insecticide exposure during brood or early-adult development reduces brain growth and impairs adult learning in bumblebees","volume":"287","author":"DB Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21768","DOI":"10.1038\/srep21768","article-title":"Exploring miniature insect brains using micro-CT scanning techniques.","volume":"6","author":"DB Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29271","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29271","article-title":"A dinosaurian facial deformity and the first occurrence of ameloblastoma in the fossil record.","volume":"6","author":"MD Dumbrav\u0103","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s40851-019-0130-6","article-title":"X-ray imaging of a water bear offers a new look at tardigrade internal anatomy.","volume":"5","author":"V Gross","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zool Lett"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s40851-019-0129-z","article-title":"Digital dissection of the head of the rock dove (Columba livia) using contrast-enhanced computed tomography.","volume":"5","author":"MEH Jones","year":"2019","journal-title":"Zool Lett"},{"issue":"7660","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22966","article-title":"Hidden morphological diversity among early tetrapods","volume":"546","author":"JD Pardo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref019","first-page":"97842L","article-title":"Enhancing a diffusion algorithm for 4D image segmentation using local information","volume":"9784","author":"P L\u00f6sel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref020","volume-title":"GPU-basierte Verfahren zur Segmentierung biomedizinischer Bilddaten [Dissertation].","author":"PD L\u00f6sel","year":"2022"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-19303-w","article-title":"Introducing Biomedisa as an open-source online platform for biomedical image segmentation.","volume":"11","author":"PD L\u00f6sel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12042","article-title":"Behavioural syndromes and social insects: personality at multiple levels","volume":"89","author":"JM Jandt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.5.1.115","article-title":"Experience-expectant plasticity in the mushroom bodies of the honeybee.","volume":"5","author":"SE Fahrbach","year":"1998","journal-title":"Learn Mem"},{"issue":"6434","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1038\/364238a0","article-title":"Selective neuroanatomical plasticity and division of labour in the honeybee","volume":"364","author":"GS Withers","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2012.12.011","article-title":"Cognition with few neurons: higher-order learning in insects","volume":"36","author":"M. Giurfa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3357","article-title":"The honeybee as a model for understanding the basis of cognition.","volume":"13","author":"R. Menzel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23741","article-title":"Potential and limitations of X-Ray micro-computed tomography in arthropod neuroanatomy: a methodological and comparative survey","volume":"523","author":"A Sombke","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s13592-019-00685-w","article-title":"Brain composition and scaling in social bee species differing in body size","volume":"50","author":"V Gowda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Apidologie"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2010.01.001","article-title":"Brain composition and olfactory learning in honey bees","volume":"93","author":"W Gronenberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20644","article-title":"Three-dimensional average-shape atlas of the honeybee brain and its applications","volume":"492","author":"R Brandt","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctv1dp0v2h","volume-title":"Arthropod brains: evolution, functional elegance, and historical significance.","author":"NJ Strausfeld","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07619-7","article-title":"Why rankings of biomedical image analysis competitions should be interpreted with care.","volume":"9","author":"L Maier-Hein","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2510","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2020.3015081","article-title":"Fine-Tuning U-Net for Ultrasound Image Segmentation: Different Layers, Different Outcomes","volume":"67","author":"M Amiri","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Ultrason, Ferroelect, Freq Contr"},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00300679","article-title":"Regulation of honey bee age polyethism by juvenile hormone","volume":"20","author":"GE Robinson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01053620","article-title":"Implications of variation in worker body size for the honey bee recruitment system","volume":"2","author":"KD Waddington","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Insect Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1673\/031.004.0701","article-title":"NMR imaging of the honeybee brain","volume":"4","author":"D Haddad","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Insect Sci"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3858","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3858","article-title":"Learning performance and brain structure of artificially-reared honey bees fed with different quantities of food","volume":"5","author":"K Steijven","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1159\/000085047","article-title":"Brain allometry in bumblebee and honey bee workers","volume":"66","author":"S Mares","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Behav Evol"},{"issue":"8","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-009-0449-0","article-title":"Effect of age, behaviour and social environment on honey bee brain plasticity","volume":"195","author":"J Maleszka","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-1047(05)80025-1","article-title":"Development and experience lead to increased volume of subcompartments of the honeybee mushroom body","volume":"62","author":"C Durst","year":"1994","journal-title":"Behav Neural Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"024001","DOI":"10.1088\/2057-1976\/aa6307","article-title":"Applying x-ray micro-tomography to learning and memory.","volume":"3","author":"MK Greco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Phys Eng Express."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.02.010","article-title":"Imaging honey bee brain anatomy with micro-X-ray-computed tomography","volume":"171","author":"W Ribi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1994.1017","article-title":"Application of the Cavalieri principle in volume estimation using laser confocal microscopy.","volume":"1","author":"YS Prakash","year":"1994","journal-title":"NeuroImage."},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-021-01492-4","article-title":"Neuroanatomical differentiation associated with alternative reproductive tactics in male arid land bees, Centris pallida and Amegilla dawsoni","volume":"207","author":"M Barrett","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/0005772X.1984.11098788","article-title":"Division of labour in the honeybee colony: a review","volume":"65","author":"R. Nowogrodzki","year":"1984","journal-title":"Bee World"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508318102","article-title":"Stimulation of muscarinic receptors mimics experience-dependent plasticity in the honey bee brain","volume":"103","author":"N Ismail","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19960212)365:3<479::AID-CNE10>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Structural plasticity of identified glomeruli in the antennal lobes of the adult worker honey bee","volume":"365","author":"AP Winnington","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref048","volume-title":"Bumblebees: behaviour, ecology, and conservation","author":"D. Goulson","year":"2010","edition":"2"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-021-03482-z","article-title":"A micro-CT-based standard brain atlas of the bumblebee","volume":"386","author":"L Rother","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1086\/704280","article-title":"Intraspecific variation in worker body size makes North American bumble bees (Bombus spp.) less susceptible to decline","volume":"194","author":"MW Austin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/s00040-002-8293-z","article-title":"Size variation and foraging rate in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris).","volume":"49","author":"J Spaethe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Insectes Sociaux"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1098\/rsbl.2007.0466","article-title":"Lateralization of visual learning in the honeybee.","volume":"4","author":"P Letzkus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Lett."},{"issue":"14","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2006.05.060","article-title":"Lateralization of olfaction in the honeybee Apis mellifera","volume":"16","author":"P Letzkus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18903","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018903","article-title":"Lateralization in the invertebrate brain: left-right asymmetry of olfaction in bumble bee, Bombus terrestris.","volume":"6","author":"G Anfora","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2340","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002340","article-title":"From antenna to antenna: lateral shift of olfactory memory recall by honeybees","volume":"3","author":"LJ Rogers","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5566\/ias.v20.p9-13","article-title":"Brain volumes of the lamb, rat and bird do not show hemispheric asymmetry: a stereological study.","volume":"20","author":"B Sahin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Image Anal Stereol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.3390\/insects5010120","article-title":"The bee as a model to investigate brain and behavioural asymmetries","volume":"5","author":"E Frasnelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Insects"},{"issue":"6947","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/424388a","article-title":"Bees trade off foraging speed for accuracy","volume":"424","author":"L Chittka","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"9","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00265-014-1765-0","article-title":"A comparison of visual and olfactory learning performance in the bumblebee Bombus terrestris","volume":"68","author":"KE Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Behav Ecol Sociobiol"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-021-01539-6","article-title":"Behavioral performance and division of labor influence brain mosaicism in the leafcutter ant Atta cephalotes","volume":"208","author":"IB Muratore","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol A"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2012.02.006","article-title":"Left\u2013right asymmetries of behaviour and nervous system in invertebrates","volume":"36","author":"E Frasnelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"21","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2009.08.023","article-title":"Are bigger brains better?","volume":"19","author":"L Chittka","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3897\/jhr.83.64018","article-title":"Ovipositor of the braconid wasp Habrobracon hebetor: structural and functional aspects.","volume":"83","author":"M Csader","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hymenopt Res."},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-52280-7_12","volume-title":"Reconstruction, Segmentation, and Analysis of Medical Images.","author":"P L\u00f6sel","year":"2017"},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.136","article-title":"Phosphotungstic acid-enhanced microCT: optimized protocols for embryonic and early postnatal mice","volume":"249","author":"KM Lesciotto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref066","volume-title":"RStudio: integrated development for R","author":"RStudio Team","year":"2020"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref067","author":"FE Harrell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hmisc: Harrell Miscellaneous [Internet]."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1011529.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4.","volume":"67","author":"D Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref069","volume-title":"An R companion to applied regression.","author":"J Fox","year":"2019","edition":"3"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref070","first-page":"234","volume-title":"Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention \u2013 MICCAI 2015.","author":"O Ronneberger"},{"key":"pcbi.1011529.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2261","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.243","volume-title":"2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR).","author":"G Huang","year":"2017"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697068800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T17:53:04Z","timestamp":1697133184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Barbara","family":"Webb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011529","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]]}}}