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In prior studies, we demonstrated mathematically and experimentally that hypoxia and necrosis emerge in the granuloma microenvironment (GME) as a direct result of limited oxygen availability. Building on our initial model of avascular oxygen diffusion, here we explore additional aspects of oxygen transport, including the roles of granuloma vasculature, transcapillary transport, plasma dilution, and interstitial convection, followed by cellular metabolism. Approximate analytical solutions are provided for oxygen and glucose concentration, interstitial fluid velocity, interstitial fluid pressure, and the thickness of the convective zone. These predictions are in agreement with prior experimental results from rabbit TB granulomas and from rat carcinoma models, which share similar transport limitations. Additional drug delivery predictions for anti-TB-agents (rifampicin and clofazimine) strikingly match recent spatially-resolved experimental results from a mouse model of TB. Finally, an approach to improve molecular transport in granulomas by modulating interstitial hydraulic conductivity is tested\n                    <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1011847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]],"date-time":"2024-02-09T13:35:58Z","timestamp":1707485758000},"page":"e1011847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Mathematical model of oxygen, nutrient, and drug transport in tuberculosis granulomas"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5727-8992","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meenal","family":"Datta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"McCarthy","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4185-0680","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Saeed","family":"Siri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Via","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James W.","family":"Baish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Dartois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clifton E.","family":"Barry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7571-3548","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rakesh K.","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"pcbi.1011847.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6911a2","article-title":"Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and Progress Toward Meeting Global Targets\u2014Worldwide, 2018.","volume":"69","author":"A MacNeil","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1011847.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3200","article-title":"The path of anti-tuberculosis drugs: from blood to lesions to mycobacterial cells.","volume":"12","author":"V. 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