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The model is designed to reflect key principles observed in the visual system, particularly MT neurons and their surround suppression mechanisms, which play a critical role in detecting global motion. By integrating these principles, the model simulates how motion structures are decomposed into individual and shared sources, mirroring the brain\u2019s strategy for extracting coherent motion patterns. The results obtained from random dot stimuli underscore the delicate balance between sensory data and prior knowledge in motion detection. Model testing across varying noise levels reveals that, as noise increases, the model takes longer to stabilize its motion estimates, consistent with psychophysical experiments showing that response duration (e.g., reaction time or decision-making time) also increases under higher noise conditions. The model suggests that an excessive emphasis on prior knowledge prolongs the stabilization time for motion detection, whereas an optimal integration of prior expectations enhances detection accuracy and efficiency by preventing excessive disturbances due to noise. These findings contribute to potential explanations for motion detection deficiencies observed in schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T20:17:40Z","timestamp":1747858660000},"page":"e1013116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Balancing prior knowledge and sensory data in a predictive coding model of coherent motion detection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Elnaz","family":"Nemati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Grayden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony N.","family":"Burkitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1424-6445","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Parvin","family":"Zarei Eskikand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1013116.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.12.009","article-title":"Eye smarter than scientists believed: neural computations in circuits of the retina","volume":"65","author":"T Gollisch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1013116.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2658","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.84.5.2658","article-title":"Center-surround interactions in the middle temporal visual area of the owl monkey","volume":"84","author":"RT Born","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1013116.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(93)90179-P","article-title":"Segmentation versus integration in visual motion processing","volume":"16","author":"O Braddick","year":"1993","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"pcbi.1013116.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.08.030185.002203","article-title":"Stimulus specific responses from beyond the classical receptive field: neurophysiological mechanisms for local-global comparisons in visual neurons","volume":"8","author":"J Allman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"18","key":"pcbi.1013116.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7552","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-18-07552.1998","article-title":"Center-surround antagonism based on disparity in primate area MT","volume":"18","author":"DC Bradley","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"6946","key":"pcbi.1013116.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01800","article-title":"Perceptual consequences of centre-surround antagonism in visual motion processing","volume":"424","author":"D Tadin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013116.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7403","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-34805-5","article-title":"Visual motion perception as online hierarchical inference","volume":"13","author":"J Bill","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"pcbi.1013116.ref008","volume-title":"Configurations in event perception; 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