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This\n                    <jats:italic>decide-then-act<\/jats:italic>\n                    perspective has successfully explained various facets of perceptual and economic decisions in the laboratory, in which action dynamics are usually irrelevant to the choice. However, living organisms often face another class of decisions\u2014called\n                    <jats:italic>embodied decisions<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2014that require selecting between potential courses of actions to be executed timely in a dynamic environment, e.g., for a lion, deciding which gazelle to chase and how fast to do so. Studies of embodied decisions reveal two aspects of goal-directed behavior in stark contrast to the serial view. First, that decision and action processes can unfold in parallel; second, that action-related components, such as the motor costs associated with selecting a particular choice alternative or required to \u201cchange mind\u201d between choice alternatives, exert a feedback effect on the decision taken. Here, we show that these signatures of embodied decisions emerge naturally in active inference\u2014a framework that simultaneously optimizes perception and action, according to the same (free energy minimization) imperative. We show that optimizing embodied choices requires a continuous feedback loop between motor planning (where beliefs about choice alternatives guide action dynamics) and motor inference (where action dynamics finesse beliefs about choice alternatives). Furthermore, our active inference simulations reveal the normative character of embodied decisions in ecological settings \u2013 namely, achieving an effective balance between a high accuracy and a low risk of missing valid opportunities.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013180","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T13:57:56Z","timestamp":1750255076000},"page":"e1013180","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Embodied decisions as active inference"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4481-8727","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Matteo","family":"Priorelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0642-259X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ivilin 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