{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T06:07:18Z","timestamp":1782972438978,"version":"3.54.5"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013607","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000}}],"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health, United States","award":["R01CA238042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA238042"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, United States","award":["R50CA221807"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R50CA221807"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, United States","award":["R01CA238023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA238023"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, United States","award":["R33CA225549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R33CA225549"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, United States","award":["R37CA222563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37CA222563"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health, United States","award":["R21AI173559"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI173559"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000888","name":"W. M. Keck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N.A."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N.A."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000888","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cancer metastasis, which requires migration of cancer cells away from the primary tumor, is responsible for approximately 65% percent of cancer-related deaths. Therefore, targeting signaling pathways that drive cancer cell migration or proliferation is a common therapeutic approach. Cell migration is commonly studied using experimental approaches which track cells or cell monolayers as they evolve over time. Computational modeling can then be used to fit partial differential equation (PDE) models to the data, providing mechanistic insights underlying the observed cell motion, including the contribution of various cellular behaviors such as random motion, directed motion, and cell division. A popular experimental technique, the scratch assay, measures the migration and proliferation-driven cell closure of a scratch in a confluent cell monolayer. However, these assays do not disambiguate between different drivers of scratch closure (for instance between cell proliferation and migration to open space). To improve analysis of this technique, we combine scratch assays, video microscopy, and PDE inference to gain quantitative insight to mechanisms of cell migration and proliferation. We capture the evolution of cell density fields over time using live-cell microscopy and automated image processing. Our PDE inference methods involve the use of weak form-based system identification techniques for cell density dynamics modeled with advection-diffusion-reaction systems. We then compare our method with recent modeling work, finding that our model discovery tool automatically identifies similar models including reaction and diffusion terms from a larger set of bases. We demonstrate the application of this framework on 2-dimensional scratch assays subject to the inhibiting effect of trametinib on wound closure and characterize the results in the context of the quantified uncertainty in our inference approach. Our integrated experimental and computational pipeline can be used to rapidly identify and refine models of cell migration in a variety of contexts, enabling the quantitative measurement of the effect of drugs and other perturbations on cell migration and proliferation with uncertainty accounted for.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T17:38:32Z","timestamp":1761673112000},"page":"e1013607","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Inference of weak-form partial differential equations describing migration and proliferation mechanisms in wound healing experiments on cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Siddhartha","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1741-2867","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patrick C.","family":"Kinnunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenlin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth K.Y.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brock A.","family":"Humphries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1519-5088","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jennifer J.","family":"Linderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary D.","family":"Luker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Luker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6697-0067","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Krishna","family":"Garikipati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2015.14","article-title":"The front and rear of collective cell migration","volume":"17","author":"R Mayor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol."},{"issue":"8","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00366-6","article-title":"The principles of directed cell migration","volume":"22","author":"S SenGupta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.05178","article-title":"Intercellular propagation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation revealed by in vivo imaging of mouse skin","volume":"4","author":"T Hiratsuka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife."},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201508047","article-title":"Collective cell migration in development","volume":"212","author":"E Scarpa","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cell Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.30","article-title":"In vitro scratch assay: A convenient and inexpensive method for analysis of cell migration in vitro","volume":"2","author":"C-C Liang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"issue":"9","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1762","article-title":"Identification of genes that regulate epithelial cell migration using an siRNA screening approach","volume":"10","author":"KJ Simpson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2005.01.015","article-title":"Screening for cell migration inhibitors via automated microscopy reveals a Rho-kinase inhibitor","volume":"12","author":"JC Yarrow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chem Biol."},{"issue":"8039","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08002-x","article-title":"A prenatal skin atlas reveals immune regulation of human skin morphogenesis","volume":"635","author":"NH Gopee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"8024","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07663-y","article-title":"In vivo single-cell CRISPR uncovers distinct TNF programmes in tumour evolution","volume":"632","author":"PF Renz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref010","article-title":"Optimized scratch assay for in vitro testing of cell migration with an automated optical camera","author":"M Vang Mouritzen","year":"2018","journal-title":"JoVE."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2015.10.040","article-title":"Reproducibility of scratch assays is affected by the initial degree of confluence: Experiments, modelling and model selection","volume":"390","author":"W Jin","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Theor Biol."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1089\/107632704323061834","article-title":"Traveling wave model to interpret a wound-healing cell migration assay for human peritoneal mesothelial cells","volume":"10","author":"PK Maini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tissue Eng."},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1008462","article-title":"Biologically-informed neural networks guide mechanistic modeling from sparse experimental data","volume":"16","author":"JH Lagergren","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2020.108482","article-title":"Scratch assay microscopy: A reaction-diffusion equation approach for common instruments and data","volume":"330","author":"A Gnerucci","year":"2020","journal-title":"Math Biosci."},{"issue":"11","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010599","article-title":"Computationally efficient mechanism discovery for cell invasion with uncertainty quantification","volume":"18","author":"DJ VandenHeuvel","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol."},{"issue":"32","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref016","article-title":"Cellular energy cycle mediates an advection-like forward cell flow to support collective invasion","volume":"11","author":"J Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Sci (Weinh)."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12918-017-0413-5","article-title":"Quantifying the roles of random motility and directed motility using advection-diffusion theory for a 3T3 fibroblast cell migration assay stimulated with an electric field","volume":"11","author":"MJ Simpson","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Syst Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10020269","article-title":"Oscillatory ERK signaling and morphology determine heterogeneity of breast cancer cell chemotaxis via MEK-ERK and p38-MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"10","author":"KKY Ho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1517384113","article-title":"Discovering governing equations from data by sparse identification of nonlinear dynamical systems","volume":"113","author":"SL Brunton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1109\/TMBMC.2016.2633265","article-title":"Inferring biological networks by sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics","volume":"2","author":"NM Mangan","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mol. Biol. Multi-Scale Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref021","article-title":"Data-driven discovery of partial differential equations","volume":"3","author":"SH Rudy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Adv."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5027470","article-title":"Sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics for rapid model recovery","volume":"28","author":"M Quade","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chaos."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1137\/18M1188227","article-title":"Discovery of nonlinear multiscale systems: Sampling strategies and embeddings","volume":"18","author":"KP Champion","year":"2019","journal-title":"SIAM J Appl Dyn Syst."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2019.07.007","article-title":"Variational system identification of the partial differential equations governing the physics of pattern-formation: Inference under varying fidelity and noise","volume":"356","author":"Z Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comput Meth Appl Mech Eng."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113706","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cma.2021.113706","article-title":"Variational system identification of the partial differential equations governing microstructure evolution in materials: Inference over sparse and spatially unrelated data","volume":"377","author":"Z Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput Meth Appl Mech Eng."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcp.2021.110525","article-title":"Weak sindy for partial differential equations","volume":"443","author":"DA Messenger","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Comput Phys."},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4283","DOI":"10.1007\/s11831-021-09643-1","article-title":"System inference via field inversion for the spatio-temporal progression of infectious diseases: Studies of COVID-19 in Michigan and Mexico","volume":"28","author":"Z Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Comput Methods Eng."},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taml.2020.01.028","article-title":"A perspective on regression and Bayesian approaches for system identification of pattern formation dynamics","volume":"10","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Theor Appl Mech Lett."},{"issue":"5","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1007\/s00466-020-01894-2","article-title":"System inference for the spatio-temporal evolution of infectious diseases: Michigan in the time of COVID-19","volume":"66","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput Mech."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmps.2021.104474","article-title":"Inference of deformation mechanisms and constitutive response of soft material surrogates of biological tissue by full-field characterization and data-driven variational system identification","volume":"153","author":"Z Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Mech Phys Solids."},{"issue":"2234","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref031","first-page":"20210324","article-title":"Ogden material calibration via magnetic resonance cartography, parameter sensitivity and variational system identification","volume":"380","author":"DP Nikolov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.04.039","article-title":"High-sensitivity measurements of multiple kinase activities in live single cells","volume":"157","author":"S Regot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1007\/s12195-020-00640-1","article-title":"Pre-existing cell states control heterogeneity of both EGFR and CXCR4 signaling","volume":"14","author":"PC Spinosa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Mol Bioeng."},{"issue":"589","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaw4204","article-title":"Short-term cellular memory tunes the signaling responses of the chemokine receptor CXCR4","volume":"12","author":"PC Spinosa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Signal."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2022.111294","article-title":"Computational modeling implicates protein scaffolding in p38 regulation of Akt","volume":"555","author":"PC Kinnunen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Theor Biol."},{"issue":"157","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20190382","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2019.0382","article-title":"Mathematical models incorporating a multi-stage cell cycle replicate normally-hidden inherent synchronization in cell proliferation","volume":"16","author":"ST Vittadello","year":"2019","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref037","volume-title":"The finite element method: Linear static and dynamic finite element analysis","author":"TJ Hughes","year":"2003"},{"issue":"2","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/1731022.1731030","article-title":"DOLFIN","volume":"37","author":"A Logg","year":"2010","journal-title":"ACM Trans Math Softw."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23099-8","volume-title":"Automated solution of differential equations by the finite element method: The FEniCS book","author":"A Logg","year":"2012"},{"issue":"38","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01292","article-title":"dolfin-adjoint 2018 .1: Automated adjoints for FEniCS and Firedrake","volume":"4","author":"S Mitusch","year":"2019","journal-title":"JOSS."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref041","unstructured":"Funke SW, Farrell PE. A framework for automated pde-constrained optimisation. ArXiv; 2013."},{"issue":"12","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/nme.7475","article-title":"Pattern formation in dense populations studied by inference of nonlinear diffusion-reaction mechanisms","volume":"125","author":"S Srivastava","year":"2024","journal-title":"Numer Meth Eng."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s00285-025-02225-w","article-title":"Structural identifiability of linear-in-parameter parabolic PDEs through auxiliary elliptic operators","volume":"91","author":"Y Salmaniw","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Math Biol."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8722-6-27","article-title":"MEK and the inhibitors: From bench to bedside","volume":"6","author":"A Akinleye","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol."},{"issue":"19","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194122","DOI":"10.1088\/0953-8984\/22\/19\/194122","article-title":"In silico estimates of the free energy rates in growing tumor spheroids","volume":"22","author":"H Narayanan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Phys Condens Matter."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmps.2016.11.013","article-title":"Perspectives on the mathematics of biological patterning and morphogenesis","volume":"99","author":"K Garikipati","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Mech Phys Solids."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780195064667.001.0001","volume-title":"Receptors","author":"DA Lauffenburger","year":"1993"},{"issue":"7","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103245","article-title":"Elastic free energy drives the shape of prevascular solid tumors","volume":"9","author":"KL Mills","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"17","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2007.0233","article-title":"Experimental characterization and computational modelling of two-dimensional cell spreading for skeletal regeneration","volume":"4","author":"BG Sengers","year":"2007","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface."},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2006.10.024","article-title":"Multi-scale modeling of a wound-healing cell migration assay","volume":"245","author":"AQ Cai","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Theor Biol."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15313","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15313","article-title":"Shifting the optimal stiffness for cell migration","volume":"8","author":"BL Bangasser","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1039\/C5IB00283D","article-title":"Time series modeling of live-cell shape dynamics for image-based phenotypic profiling","volume":"8","author":"S Gordonov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Integr Biol (Camb)."},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2020.01.036","article-title":"Examining go-or-grow using fluorescent cell-cycle indicators and cell-cycle-inhibiting drugs","volume":"118","author":"ST Vittadello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biophys J."},{"issue":"3","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2017.10.016","article-title":"Propagating wave of ERK activation orients collective cell migration","volume":"43","author":"K Aoki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dev Cell."},{"issue":"121","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref055","first-page":"55411","article-title":"A device for performing cell migration\/wound healing in a 96-well plate","author":"PY Poon","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vis Exp."},{"issue":"4","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1177\/1087057110361772","article-title":"A simplified method for quantifying cell migration\/wound healing in 96-well plates","volume":"15","author":"PYK Yue","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomol Screen."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00285-008-0201-3","article-title":"A user\u2019s guide to PDE models for chemotaxis","volume":"58","author":"T Hillen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Math Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6136","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-26434-1","article-title":"Physics-informed learning of governing equations from scarce data","volume":"12","author":"Z Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"pcbi.1013607.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2024.111732","article-title":"Modelling count data with partial differential equation models in biology","volume":"580","author":"MJ Simpson","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Theor Biol."},{"issue":"2269","key":"pcbi.1013607.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rspa.2022.0556","article-title":"SINDy for delay-differential equations: Application to model bacterial zinc response","volume":"479","author":"A Sandoz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc R Soc A."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013607","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761868800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013607","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T18:11:46Z","timestamp":1761934306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013607"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Philip K","family":"Maini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1013607","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]]}}}