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With the advancement of high-throughput sequencing technologies, multi-omics data has become essential for cancer classification and prognostic analysis. By integrating deep learning techniques, it is possible to more accurately identify cancer subtypes, providing a robust basis for personalized treatment of cancer patients. In this study, we propose a convolutional autoencoder prognostic model incorporating a channel attention mechanism (CA-CAE). The model utilizes multi-omics data to predict survival-associated cancer subtypes and identify prognostic genes. We applied CA-CAE to multiple cancer types, successfully identifying subtypes in 15 distinct cancer types and revealing significant survival differences among these subtypes. 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