{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T23:07:52Z","timestamp":1769900872780,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]],"date-time":"2008-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1215561600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]],"date-time":"2008-07-09T04:09:22Z","timestamp":1215576562000},"page":"e2652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Insight into Microevolution of Yersinia pestis by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Yujun","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yanjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Gorg\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mikhail E.","family":"Platonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yanfeng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhaobiao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Pourcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Svetlana V.","family":"Dentovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sergey V.","family":"Balakhonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yajun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andrey P.","family":"Anisimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Vergnaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ruifu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.1.35","article-title":"<italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>\u2013etiologic agent of plague.","volume":"10","author":"RD Perry","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.50.071803.130337","article-title":"Natural history of plague: perspectives from more than a century of research.","volume":"50","author":"KL Gage","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Entomol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.434-464.2004","article-title":"Intraspecific diversity of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>.","volume":"17","author":"AP Anisimov","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200206000-00003","article-title":"Bacterial pathogens as biological weapons and agents of bioterrorism.","volume":"323","author":"RA Greenfield","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"343","article-title":"[<italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> as a dangerous biological weapon].","volume":"53","author":"S Grygorczuk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Pr"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.17.2281","article-title":"Plague as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense.","volume":"283","author":"TV Inglesby","year":"2000","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17837","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408026101","article-title":"Microevolution and history of the plague bacillus, <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>.","volume":"101","author":"M Achtman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-4-22","article-title":"Tandem repeats analysis for the high resolution phylogenetic analysis of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>.","volume":"4","author":"C Pourcel","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2004.08.002","article-title":"Comparative and evolutionary genomics of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>.","volume":"6","author":"D Zhou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5138","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.15.5138-5146.2004","article-title":"DNA microarray analysis of genome dynamics in <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>: insights into bacterial genome microevolution and niche adaptation.","volume":"186","author":"D Zhou","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002166","article-title":"Different region analysis for genotyping <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> isolates from China.","volume":"3","author":"Y Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"509","article-title":"[Molecular biological characteristics and genetic significance of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> in China].","volume":"25","author":"R Hai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14043","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043","article-title":"<italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic>, the cause of plague, is a recently emerged clone of <italic>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis<\/italic>.","volume":"96","author":"M Achtman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.3.634-641.1994","article-title":"Plague pandemics investigated by ribotyping of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> strains.","volume":"32","author":"A Guiyoule","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.174.7.2078-2086.1992","article-title":"Determination of genome size, macrorestriction pattern polymorphism, and nonpigmentation-specific deletion in <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.","volume":"174","author":"TS Lucier","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2567","DOI":"10.1002\/elps.200500096","article-title":"Multiple-locus variable number tandem repeats analysis for genetic fingerprinting of pathogenic bacteria.","volume":"26","author":"B-A Lindstedt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Electrophoresis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3179","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.9.3179-3185.2001","article-title":"Identification and characterization of variable-number tandem repeats in the <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> genome.","volume":"39","author":"AM Klevytska","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.27437-0","article-title":"CRISPR elements in <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> acquire new repeats by preferential uptake of bacteriophage DNA, and provide additional tools for evolutionary studies.","volume":"151","author":"C Pourcel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-72124-8_30","article-title":"Analysis of the three <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> CRISPR loci provides new tools for phylogenetic studies and possibly for the investigation of ancient DNA.","volume":"603","author":"G Vergnaud","year":"2007","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2000.01838.x","article-title":"Biological significance of a family of regularly spaced repeats in the genomes of Archaea, Bacteria and mitochondria.","volume":"36","author":"FJ Mojica","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.2002.02839.x","article-title":"Identification of genes that are associated with DNA repeats in prokaryotes.","volume":"43","author":"R Jansen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-172","article-title":"The CRISPRdb database and tools to display CRISPRs and to generate dictionaries of spacers and repeats.","volume":"8","author":"I Grissa","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"Diversity, activity and evolution of CRISPR loci in <italic>Streptococcus thermophilus<\/italic>.","author":"P Horvath","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"Phage response to CRISPR-encoded resistance in <italic>Streptococcus thermophilus<\/italic>.","author":"H Deveau","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1709","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1138140","article-title":"CRISPR provides acquired resistance against viruses in prokaryotes.","volume":"315","author":"R Barrangou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2551","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.28048-0","article-title":"Clustered regularly interspaced short palindrome repeats (CRISPRs) have spacers of extrachromosomal origin.","volume":"151","author":"A Bolotin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-004-0046-3","article-title":"Intervening sequences of regularly spaced prokaryotic repeats derive from foreign genetic elements.","volume":"60","author":"FJ Mojica","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1155\/2006\/542818","article-title":"A putative viral defence mechanism in archaeal cells.","volume":"2","author":"RK Lillestol","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archaea"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.3.647-651.1997","article-title":"Differentiation of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/italic> isolates by spoligotyping and IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism.","volume":"35","author":"M Goyal","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-6-23","article-title":"<italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/italic> complex genetic diversity: mining the fourth international spoligotyping database (SpolDB4) for classification, population genetics and epidemiology.","volume":"6","author":"K Brudey","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.200700035","article-title":"<italic>Corynebacterium diphtheriae<\/italic> spoligotyping based on combined use of two CRISPR loci.","volume":"2","author":"I Mokrousov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biotechnol J"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e60","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.0010060","article-title":"A guild of 45 CRISPR-associated (Cas) protein families and multiple CRISPR\/Cas subtypes exist in prokaryotic genomes.","volume":"1","author":"DH Haft","year":"2005","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2006.05570.x","article-title":"A horizontally acquired filamentous phage contributes to the pathogenicity of the plague bacillus.","volume":"63","author":"A Derbise","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"CRISPR-a widespread system that provides acquired resistance against phages in bacteria and archaea.","author":"R Sorek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s002030050515","article-title":"Characterisation of <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> K-12 mutants defective in formate-dependent nitrite reduction: essential roles for <italic>hem<\/italic>N and the <italic>men<\/italic>FDBCE operon.","volume":"168","author":"K Tyson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2005.02.012","article-title":"Identification of different regions among strains of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> by suppression subtractive hybridization.","volume":"156","author":"E Dai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Res Microbiol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5147","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.15.5147-5152.2004","article-title":"Genetics of metabolic variations between <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> biovars and the proposal of a new biovar, microtus.","volume":"186","author":"D Zhou","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1093\/dnares\/11.3.179","article-title":"Complete genome sequence of <italic>Yersinia pestis<\/italic> strain 91001, an isolate avirulent to humans.","volume":"11","author":"Y Song","year":"2004","journal-title":"DNA Res"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2877","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.6.2877-2884.2002","article-title":"Identification and characterization of <italic>Leuconostoc fallax<\/italic> strains isolated from an industrial sauerkraut fermentation.","volume":"68","author":"R Barrangou","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0809.010536","article-title":"Biological warfare at the 1346 siege of Caffa.","volume":"8","author":"M Wheelis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","article-title":"Basic local alignment search tool.","volume":"215","author":"SF Altschul","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref42","article-title":"On-line resources for bacterial micro-evolution studies using MLVA or CRISPR typing.","author":"I Grissa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"CRISPRFinder: a web tool to identify clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats.","author":"I Grissa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"CRISPRcompar: a website to compare clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats.","author":"I Grissa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7287","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0401799101","article-title":"Incorporating chemical modification constraints into a dynamic programming algorithm for prediction of RNA secondary structure.","volume":"101","author":"DH Mathews","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002652","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T06:16:27Z","timestamp":1589004987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002652"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Niyaz","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0002652","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,9]]}}}