{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T11:49:48Z","timestamp":1771933788564,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]],"date-time":"2011-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298851200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosone.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T20:40:22Z","timestamp":1299012022000},"page":"e17470","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Lack of an Antibacterial Response Defect in Drosophila Toll-9 Mutant"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Karine","family":"Narbonne-Reveau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Charroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Royet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"NF-kappaB and Innate Immunity.","author":"A Dev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141615","article-title":"The host defense of Drosophila melanogaster.","volume":"25","author":"B Lemaitre","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00733.x","article-title":"Microbe sensing, positive feedback loops, and the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.","volume":"227","author":"B Beutler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxp017","article-title":"The roles of TLRs, RLRs and NLRs in pathogen recognition.","volume":"21","author":"T Kawai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.4161\/fly.4.1.10810","article-title":"Drosophila immune response: From systemic antimicrobial peptide production in fat body cells to local defense in the intestinal tract.","volume":"4","author":"B Charroux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fly (Austin)"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a000232","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a000232","article-title":"NF-kappaB in the immune response of Drosophila.","volume":"1","author":"C Hetru","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02021","article-title":"The immune response of Drosophila.","volume":"426","author":"JA Hoffmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2004.12.002","article-title":"Sensing and signaling during infection in Drosophila.","volume":"17","author":"J Royet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12590","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.221458698","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of the Drosophila immune response by using oligonucleotide microarrays.","volume":"98","author":"E De Gregorio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2568","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/21.11.2568","article-title":"The Toll and Imd pathways are the major regulators of the immune response in Drosophila.","volume":"21","author":"E De Gregorio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Embo J"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.261573998","article-title":"A genome-wide analysis of immune responses in Drosophila.","volume":"98","author":"P Irving","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80172-5","article-title":"The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spatzle\/Toll\/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults.","volume":"86","author":"B Lemaitre","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14614","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.26.14614","article-title":"Drosophila host defense: differential induction of antimicrobial peptide genes after infection by various classes of microorganisms.","volume":"94","author":"B Lemaitre","year":"1997","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(85)90275-2","article-title":"Establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo: the induction of polarity by the Toll gene product.","volume":"42","author":"KV Anderson","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(88)90516-8","article-title":"The Toll gene of Drosophila, required for dorsal-ventral embryonic polarity, appears to encode a transmembrane protein.","volume":"52","author":"C Hashimoto","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.5.5.797","article-title":"Dominant and recessive mutations define functional domains of Toll, a transmembrane protein required for dorsal-ventral polarity in the Drosophila embryo.","volume":"5","author":"DS Schneider","year":"1991","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.biochem.76.060305.151318","article-title":"Structure and function of Toll receptors and their ligands.","volume":"76","author":"NJ Gay","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Biochem"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2303","article-title":"Toll-like receptors\u2014taking an evolutionary approach.","volume":"9","author":"F Leulier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Genet"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1863","article-title":"The role of pattern-recognition receptors in innate immunity: update on Toll-like receptors.","volume":"11","author":"T Kawai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12442","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901924106","article-title":"A single modular serine protease integrates signals from pattern-recognition receptors upstream of the Drosophila Toll pathway.","volume":"106","author":"N Buchon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1038\/414756a","article-title":"Drosophila Toll is activated by Gram-positive bacteria through a circulating peptidoglycan recognition protein.","volume":"414","author":"T Michel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/ni955","article-title":"Binding of the Drosophila cytokine Spatzle to Toll is direct and establishes signaling.","volume":"4","author":"AN Weber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14629","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800112200","article-title":"Structural insight into the mechanism of activation of the Toll receptor by the dimeric ligand Spatzle.","volume":"283","author":"M Gangloff","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33447","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M805427200","article-title":"Assembly of oligomeric death domain complexes during Toll receptor signaling.","volume":"283","author":"MC Moncrieffe","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7600033","article-title":"Regulated assembly of the Toll signaling complex drives Drosophila dorsoventral patterning.","volume":"23","author":"H Sun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Embo J"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/ni747","article-title":"Drosophila MyD88 is required for the response to fungal and Gram-positive bacterial infections.","volume":"3","author":"S Tauszig-Delamasure","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(96)00607-7","article-title":"A gradient of cytoplasmic Cactus degradation establishes the nuclear localization gradient of the dorsal morphogen in Drosophila.","volume":"60","author":"A Bergmann","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mech Dev"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2963","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.128.15.2963","article-title":"Separable and redundant regulatory determinants in Cactus mediate its dorsal group dependent degradation.","volume":"128","author":"NQ Fernandez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10520","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.180130797","article-title":"Toll-related receptors and the control of antimicrobial peptide expression in Drosophila.","volume":"97","author":"S Tauszig","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.120.4.885","article-title":"The Drosophila 18 wheeler is required for morphogenesis and has striking similarities to Toll.","volume":"120","author":"E Eldon","year":"1994","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20245","article-title":"Ectopic expression of Tollo\/Toll-8 antagonizes Dpp signaling and induces cell sorting in the Drosophila wing.","volume":"44","author":"S Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00347","article-title":"Induction of neuron-specific glycosylation by Tollo\/Toll-8, a Drosophila Toll-like receptor expressed in non-neural cells.","volume":"130","author":"A Seppo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2010.01213.x","article-title":"Functional analysis of Toll-related genes in Drosophila.","volume":"52","author":"Y Yagi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Growth Differ"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"362","article-title":"Three novel mammalian toll-like receptors: gene structure, expression, and evolution.","volume":"11","author":"X Du","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Cytokine Netw"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1042\/bst0310648","article-title":"Toll and Toll-like receptors in Drosophila.","volume":"31","author":"H Bilak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0403160","article-title":"Biology of Toll receptors: lessons from insects and mammals.","volume":"75","author":"JL Imler","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1093\/embo-reports\/kvf004","article-title":"The Drosophila Toll-9 activates a constitutive antimicrobial defense.","volume":"3","author":"JY Ooi","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO Rep"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/09680519040100040101","article-title":"Toll and Toll-9 in Drosophila innate immune response.","volume":"10","author":"R Bettencourt","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Endotoxin Res"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)00072-8","article-title":"Tissue-specific inducible expression of antimicrobial peptide genes in Drosophila surface epithelia.","volume":"13","author":"P Tzou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1149357","article-title":"Innate immune homeostasis by the homeobox gene caudal and commensal-gut mutualism in Drosophila.","volume":"319","author":"JH Ryu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04371","article-title":"Evidence that stem cells reside in the adult Drosophila midgut epithelium.","volume":"439","author":"CA Micchelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9797","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0903971106","article-title":"Elimination of plasmatocytes by targeted apoptosis reveals their role in multiple aspects of the Drosophila immune response.","volume":"106","author":"B Charroux","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2008.07.004","article-title":"PIMS modulates immune tolerance by negatively regulating Drosophila innate immune signaling.","volume":"4","author":"N Lhocine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5473.2013","article-title":"Gene targeting by homologous recombination in Drosophila.","volume":"288","author":"YS Rong","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6289436","article-title":"Genetic transformation of Drosophila with transposable element vectors.","volume":"218","author":"GM Rubin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-133X(02)00020-0","article-title":"Tissue and stage-specific expression of the Tolls in Drosophila embryos.","volume":"2","author":"Z Kambris","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gene Expr Patterns"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1159\/000210264","article-title":"Genetic ablation of Drosophila phagocytes reveals their contribution to both development and resistance to bacterial infection.","volume":"1","author":"A Defaye","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Innate Immun"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2202","article-title":"Drosophila melanogaster embryonic haemocytes: masters of multitasking.","volume":"8","author":"W Wood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5463.146","article-title":"Specification of Drosophila hematopoietic lineage by conserved transcription factors.","volume":"288","author":"T Lebestky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4023","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.122.12.4023","article-title":"A molecular aspect of hematopoiesis and endoderm development common to vertebrates and Drosophila.","volume":"122","author":"KP Rehorn","year":"1996","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2009.08.010","article-title":"BmToll9, an Arthropod conservative Toll, is likely involved in the local gut immune response in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.","volume":"34","author":"S Wu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2009.01.003","article-title":"Drosophila intestinal response to bacterial infection: activation of host defense and stem cell proliferation.","volume":"5","author":"N Buchon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1827009","article-title":"Invasive and indigenous microbiota impact intestinal stem cell activity through multiple pathways in Drosophila.","volume":"23","author":"N Buchon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2008.12.015","article-title":"Regulation of DUOX by the Galphaq-phospholipase Cbeta-Ca2+ pathway in Drosophila gut immunity.","volume":"16","author":"EM Ha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3693","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.emboj.7601233","article-title":"An essential complementary role of NF-kappaB pathway to microbicidal oxidants in Drosophila gut immunity.","volume":"25","author":"JH Ryu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Embo J"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04333","article-title":"The adult Drosophila posterior midgut is maintained by pluripotent stem cells.","volume":"439","author":"B Ohlstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1126\/science.282.5396.2085","article-title":"Defective LPS signaling in C3H\/HeJ and C57BL\/10ScCr mice: mutations in Tlr4 gene.","volume":"282","author":"A Poltorak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3749","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.162.7.3749","article-title":"Cutting edge: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient mice are hyporesponsive to lipopolysaccharide: evidence for TLR4 as the Lps gene product.","volume":"162","author":"K Hoshino","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1007\/s002510050017","article-title":"Independent evolution of Toll and related genes in insects and mammals.","volume":"51","author":"C Luo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunogenetics"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-003-2565-8","article-title":"Origin of Toll-like receptor-mediated innate immunity.","volume":"58","author":"SM Kanzok","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"REVIEWS3011","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2002-3-8-reviews3011","article-title":"Toll-like receptors: a family of pattern-recognition receptors in mammals.","volume":"3","author":"MA Armant","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genome Biol"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-0901-5_11","article-title":"Lessons from the fly: pattern recognition in Drosophila melanogaster.","volume":"653","author":"S Pal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dci.2010.01.006","article-title":"The Toll immune signaling pathway control conserved anti-dengue defenses across diverse Ae. aegypti strains and against multiple dengue virus serotypes.","volume":"34","author":"JL Ramirez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dev Comp Immunol"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1995.1134","article-title":"The Drosophila toll gene functions zygotically and is necessary for proper motoneuron and muscle development.","volume":"169","author":"MS Halfon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1998.8915","article-title":"The Toll pathway is required in the epidermis for muscle development in the Drosophila embryo.","volume":"199","author":"MS Halfon","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1561","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.124.8.1561","article-title":"Toll, a muscle cell surface molecule, locally inhibits synaptic initiation of the RP3 motoneuron growth cone in Drosophila.","volume":"124","author":"D Rose","year":"1997","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200606016","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 8 functions as a negative regulator of neurite outgrowth and inducer of neuronal apoptosis.","volume":"175","author":"Y Ma","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1629","article-title":"Toll-like receptors modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis.","volume":"9","author":"A Rolls","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13033","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4290-06.2007","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 3 is a potent negative regulator of axonal growth in mammals.","volume":"27","author":"JS Cameron","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200804010","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4 restricts retinal progenitor cell proliferation.","volume":"183","author":"R Shechter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15625","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005807107","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 3 inhibits memory retention and constrains adult hippocampal neurogenesis.","volume":"107","author":"E Okun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"}],"container-title":["PLoS ONE"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0017470","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T16:48:20Z","timestamp":1712249300000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0017470"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Bergmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0017470","relation":{},"ISSN":["1932-6203"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1932-6203","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,28]]}}}