{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T22:51:22Z","timestamp":1791067882412,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosbiology.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Biol"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2001644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]],"date-time":"2017-06-20T13:23:39Z","timestamp":1497965019000},"page":"e2001644","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["High-throughput identification and rational design of synergistic small-molecule pairs for combating and bypassing antibiotic resistance"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Morgan A.","family":"Wambaugh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viplendra P. S.","family":"Shakya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Mulvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3255-1486","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jessica C. S.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2014.00145","article-title":"The antimicrobial resistance crisis: causes, consequences and management","volume":"2","author":"CA Michael","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States, 2013","year":"2013"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002870","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002870","article-title":"Antifungal Drug Discovery: Something Old and Something New","volume":"8","author":"A Butts","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1205","article-title":"Systems-level antimicrobial drug and drug synergy discovery","volume":"9","author":"T Roemer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Chem Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019703","article-title":"Antifungal Drug Development: Challenges, Unmet Clinical Needs, and New Approaches","volume":"4","author":"T Roemer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-012-9390-1","article-title":"Drug repurposing: far beyond new targets for old drugs","volume":"14","author":"TI Oprea","year":"2012","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2015.00282","article-title":"Drug repurposing as an alternative for the treatment of recalcitrant bacterial infections","volume":"6","author":"A Rangel-Vega","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000796","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000796","article-title":"Optimal Drug Synergy in Antimicrobial Treatments","volume":"6","author":"JP Torella","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9819","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16129819","article-title":"Synergistic Antibacterial and Antibiotic Effects of Bisbenzylisoquinoline Alkaloids on Clinical Isolates of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)","volume":"16","author":"G-Y Zuo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.68","article-title":"Using combination therapy to thwart drug resistance","volume":"10","author":"JA Hill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Microbiol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-28951-4_6","article-title":"Prevention of Drug Resistance by Combined Drug Treatment of Tuberculosis","volume":"211","author":"DA Mitchison","year":"2012","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827e83af","article-title":"Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012","volume":"41","author":"RP Dellinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2009.01.004","article-title":"Combination antimicrobial treatment versus monotherapy: the contribution of meta-analyses","volume":"23","author":"M Paul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Dis Clin North Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05041-11","article-title":"Combination therapy for treatment of infections with gram-negative bacteria","volume":"25","author":"PD Tamma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-5229.132495","article-title":"Current concepts in combination antibiotic therapy for critically ill patients","volume":"18","author":"A Ahmed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2683","article-title":"Mechanisms of drug combinations: interaction and network perspectives","volume":"8","author":"J Jia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.3109\/03009734.2014.899279","article-title":"Combination antibiotic therapy for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria","volume":"119","author":"T T\u00e4ngd\u00e9n","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ups J Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.10.044","article-title":"Unraveling the biology of a fungal meningitis pathogen using chemical genetics","volume":"159","author":"JCS Brown","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20156777","article-title":"Chemogenomics and orthology-based design of antibiotic combination therapies","volume":"12","author":"S Chandrasekaran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.10.018","article-title":"An antifungal combination matrix identifies a rich pool of adjuvant molecules that enhance drug activity against diverse fungal pathogens","volume":"13","author":"N Robbins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2015.12.003","article-title":"Prediction of Synergism from Chemical-Genetic Interactions by Machine Learning","volume":"1","author":"J Wildenhain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Systems"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15930","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15930","article-title":"Chemogenomic profiling of Plasmodium falciparum as a tool to aid antimalarial drug discovery","volume":"5","author":"A Pradhan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"7296","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09099","article-title":"Chemical genetics of Plasmodium falciparum","volume":"465","author":"WA Guiguemde","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1060","article-title":"A chemical genetic screen in <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/italic> identifies carbon-source-dependent growth inhibitors devoid of <italic>in vivo<\/italic> efficacy","volume":"1","author":"K Pethe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","first-page":"e1002562","article-title":"Mapping the Hsp90 Genetic Interaction Network in Candida albicans Reveals Environmental Contingency and Rewired Circuitry","volume":"8","author":"S Diezmann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mapping the Hsp90 Genetic Interaction Network in Candida albicans Reveals Environmental Contingency and Rewired Circuitry"},{"issue":"29","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19754","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.019877","article-title":"Chemical genetic profiling and characterization of small-molecule compounds that affect the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in <italic>Candida albicans<\/italic>","volume":"284","author":"D Xu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004211","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004211","article-title":"Systematic phenotyping of a large-scale Candida glabrata deletion collection reveals novel antifungal tolerance genes","volume":"10","author":"T Schwarzm\u00fcller","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.11.052","article-title":"Phenotypic Landscape of a Bacterial Cell","volume":"144","author":"RJ Nichols","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00999-09","article-title":"Defining fractional inhibitory concentration index cutoffs for additive interactions based on self-drug additive combinations, Monte Carlo simulation analysis, and <italic>in vitro-in vivo<\/italic> correlation data for antifungal drug combinations against <italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/italic>","volume":"54","author":"J Meletiadis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00181","article-title":"What is synergy? The Saariselk\u00e4 agreement revisited","volume":"6","author":"J Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5747","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.18.5747-5753.1991","article-title":"Molecular analysis of the Escherichia coli ruvC gene, which encodes a Holliday junction-specific endonuclease","volume":"173","author":"M Takahagi","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7711","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.173.23.7711-7715.1991","article-title":"Resolution of Holliday junctions in Escherichia coli: identification of the ruvC gene product as a 19-kilodalton protein","volume":"173","author":"GJ Sharples","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"20","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3534","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01589-14","article-title":"<italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> genes and pathways involved in surviving extreme exposure to ionizing radiation","volume":"196","author":"RT Byrne","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42745-2","article-title":"The Biosynthesis of Folic Acid: XII. Purification and properties of dihydroneopterin triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase","volume":"249","author":"Y Suzuki","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.127.2.923-933.1976","article-title":"Genes for the alpha and beta subunits of the phenylalanyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase of <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"127","author":"MM Comer","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.172.4.1969-1977.1990","article-title":"Cloning and sequencing of a putative <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> [NiFe] hydrogenase-1 operon containing six open reading frames","volume":"172","author":"NK Menon","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-33-2-127","article-title":"Antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones in combination with zidovudine","volume":"33","author":"CS Lewin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2010.11.007","article-title":"Toxicity and tolerance mechanisms for azidothymidine, a replication gap-promoting agent, in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"10","author":"DL Cooper","year":"2011","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.6.1237","article-title":"Induction of the SOS response in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> by azidothymidine and dideoxynucleosides","volume":"34","author":"SW Mamber","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02001-13","article-title":"Genetic basis for vancomycin-enhanced cephalosporin susceptibility in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci revealed using counterselection with dominant-negative thymidylate synthase","volume":"58","author":"CJ Kristich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref41","first-page":"165","article-title":"Synergy of Vancomycin with Penicillins and Cephalosporins Against Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Serratia","volume":"50","author":"H Donabedian","year":"1977","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1111\/1574-6976.12087","article-title":"Metal limitation and toxicity at the interface between host and pathogen","volume":"38","author":"KW Becker","year":"2014","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-2023-5","article-title":"Combination therapy with iron chelation and vancomycin in treating murine staphylococcemia","volume":"33","author":"G Luo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1993.tb01728.x","article-title":"The interaction between coumarin drugs and DNA gyrase","volume":"9","author":"A Maxwell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00476.x","article-title":"Dapsone: modes of action, toxicity and possible strategies for increasing patient tolerance","volume":"129","author":"MD Coleman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.4081\/oncol.2014.246","article-title":"Chemotherapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Efficacy and Mode of Action","volume":"8","author":"S Shaaban","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.1.143-149.2000","article-title":"Immunosuppressive and nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporine analogs are toxic to the opportunistic fungal pathogen <italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/italic> via cyclophilin-dependent inhibition of calcineurin","volume":"44","author":"MC Cruz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb17853.x","article-title":"Initial clinical experience with dideoxynucleosides as single agents and in combination therapy","volume":"616","author":"R Yarchoan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-2824-1","article-title":"Nucleosides and nucleotides as antitumor and antiviral agents","author":"CK Chu","year":"1993"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.2.274","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of 3&apos;-azido-3&apos;-deoxythymidine (BW A509U)","volume":"31","author":"LP Elwell","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6171","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116160109","article-title":"Azidothymidine and other chain terminators are mutagenic for template-switch-generated genetic mutations","volume":"109","author":"T Seier","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref52","first-page":"55","article-title":"Trimethoprim\/sulfonamide: rational combination therapy","volume":"2","author":"GH Hitchings","year":"1976","journal-title":"Comprehensive Therapy"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.4.338","article-title":"Inducible SOS response system of DNA repair and mutagenesis in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"4","author":"C Janion","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/1074-5521(95)90120-5","article-title":"Mitomycin C: small, fast and deadly (but very selective)","volume":"2","author":"M Tomasz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chem Biol"},{"issue":"13","key":"ref55","first-page":"3345","article-title":"Induction of the SOS response increases the efficiency of global nucleotide excision repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, but not 6\u20134 photoproducts, in UV-irradiated <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"180","author":"DJ Crowley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Induction of the SOS response increases the efficiency of global nucleotide excision repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, but not 6\u20134 photoproducts, in UV-irradiated"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2009.11.024","article-title":"Hydroxyurea induces hydroxyl radical-mediated cell death in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"36","author":"BW Davies","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/28.6.491","article-title":"Mutations of Bacteria from virus sensitivity to virus resistance","volume":"28","author":"SE Luria","year":"1943","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3222","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.10.3222-3232.2003","article-title":"Mutation rate and evolution of fluoroquinolone resistance in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> isolates from patients with urinary tract infections","volume":"47","author":"P Komp Lindgren","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2781","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.176.10.2781-2787.1994","article-title":"Fluctuation analysis of mutations to nalidixic acid resistance in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"176","author":"L Boe","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp253","article-title":"Fluctuation AnaLysis CalculatOR (FALCOR): a web tool for the determination of mutation rate using Luria-Delbruck fluctuation analysis","volume":"25","author":"BM Hall","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"15","key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2519","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.99-1037com","article-title":"Mechanism of the antimicrobial drug trimethoprim revisited","volume":"14","author":"EP Quinlivan","year":"2000","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.077826-0","article-title":"Bacterial methionine biosynthesis","volume":"160","author":"MP Ferla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1093\/nass\/2.1.245","article-title":"Mechanisms of cell death induced by 5-fluoro-2\u2032-deoxyuridine (FUdR)\u2014Necrosis or apoptosis after treated with FUdR","volume":"2","author":"Y Uchikubo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res Suppl"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.105.2.666-672.1971","article-title":"Deoxycytidine triphosphate deaminase: characterization of an <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> mutant deficient in the enzyme","volume":"105","author":"GA O'Donovan","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.126.2.999-1001.1976","article-title":"Altered deoxyribonucleotide pools in P2 eductants of <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> K-12 due to deletion of the <italic>dcd<\/italic> gene","volume":"126","author":"J Neuhard","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2012.10.011","article-title":"Mutational consequences of dNTP pool imbalances in <italic>E<\/italic>. <italic>coli<\/italic>","volume":"12","author":"RM Schaaper","year":"2013","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(91)90510-I","article-title":"Nucleoside diphosphate kinase from Escherichia coli; its overproduction and sequence comparison with eukaryotic enzymes","volume":"105","author":"H Hama","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1006\/jmbi.1995.0620","article-title":"The gene for nucleoside diphosphate kinase functions as a mutator gene in <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"254","author":"Q Lu","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2011.71","article-title":"Systematic exploration of synergistic drug pairs","volume":"7","author":"M Cokol","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/msb.2011.31","article-title":"Cross-species discovery of syncretic drug combinations that potentiate the antifungal fluconazole","volume":"7","author":"M Spitzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Syst Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002349","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002349","article-title":"Zebrafish: A see-through host and a fluorescent toolbox to probe host\u2014pathogen interaction","volume":"8","author":"DM Tobin","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01425","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01425-15","article-title":"Live Imaging of Host-Parasite Interactions in a Zebrafish Infection Model Reveals Cryptococcal Determinants of Virulence and Central Nervous System Invasion","volume":"6","author":"JL Tenor","year":"2015","journal-title":"mBio"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0138949","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138949","article-title":"The macrophage-specific promoter <italic>mfap4<\/italic> allows live, long-term analysis of macrophage behavior during mycobacterial infection in zebrafish","volume":"10","author":"EM Walton","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1128\/EC.05005-11","article-title":"Live Imaging of Disseminated Candidiasis in Zebrafish Reveals Role of Phagocyte Oxidase in Limiting Filamentous Growth","volume":"10","author":"KM Brothers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eukaryot Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000697","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000697","article-title":"Use of Zebrafish to Probe the Divergent Virulence Potentials and Toxin Requirements of Extraintestinal Pathogenic <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic>","volume":"5","author":"TJ Wiles","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1517\/17425250902882128","article-title":"The use of in vivo zebrafish assays in drug toxicity screening","volume":"5","author":"PM Eimon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1517\/17425255.2014.896339","article-title":"In vivo zebrafish assays for analyzing drug toxicity","volume":"10","author":"D Rald\u00faa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drub Metab Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00062","DOI":"10.1128\/mSphere.00062-16","article-title":"Similarly lethal strains of extraintestinal pathogenic <italic>Escherichia coli<\/italic> trigger markedly diverse host responses in a zebrafish model of sepsis","volume":"1","author":"AE Barber","year":"2016","journal-title":"mSphere"},{"key":"ref79","article-title":"Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole: An overview","author":"DB May","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref80","article-title":"Zidovudine: Drug Information","year":"2017"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01433-10","article-title":"Protein Binding: Do We Ever Learn?","volume":"55","author":"MA Zeitlinger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"6180","key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250217","article-title":"Mapping the cellular response to small molecules using chemogenomic fitness signatures","volume":"344","author":"AY Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2133","article-title":"Drug interactions and the evolution of antibiotic resistance","volume":"7","author":"PJ Yeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Micro"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2006.11.008","article-title":"Multi-target therapeutics: when the whole is greater than the sum of the parts","volume":"12","author":"GR Zimmermann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Drug Discov Today"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3508","article-title":"Bacterial protein networks: properties and functions","volume":"13","author":"A Typas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Micro"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.3.727-733.2001","article-title":"Spontaneous mutations that confer antibiotic resistance in <italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/italic>","volume":"45","author":"G Wang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg427","article-title":"Bacteria with increased mutation frequency and antibiotic resistance are enriched in the commensal flora of patients with high antibiotic usage","volume":"52","author":"I Gustafsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg427","article-title":"Bacteria with increased mutation frequency and antibiotic resistance are enriched in the commensal flora of patients with high antibiotic usage","volume":"52","author":"I Gustafsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002104","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002104","article-title":"Using a Sequential Regimen to Eliminate Bacteria at Sublethal Antibiotic Dosages","volume":"13","author":"A Fuentes-Hernandez","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"issue":"37","key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13977","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0805965105","article-title":"Accelerated evolution of resistance in multidrug environments","volume":"105","author":"M Hegreness","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000000301","article-title":"Practical guidance for nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV infection: an editorial review","volume":"28","author":"S Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/0732-8893(93)90087-N","article-title":"Synergy assessed by checkerboard: a critical analysis","volume":"16","author":"MH Hsieh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6640","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.120163297","article-title":"One-step inactivation of chromosomal genes in Escherichia coli K-12 using PCR products","volume":"97","author":"KA Datsenko","year":"2000","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1005317","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005317","article-title":"The extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli factor RqlI constrains the genotoxic effects of the RecQ-like helicase RqlH","volume":"11","author":"CW Russell","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfj185","article-title":"The Developmental Neurotoxicity of Fipronil: Notochord Degeneration and Locomotor Defects in Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae","volume":"92","author":"CM Stehr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"},{"key":"ref96","article-title":"American Hospital Formulary Service\u2014Drug Information 2003","author":"GKe McEvoy","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref97","article-title":"Applied Therapeutics. The Clinical Use of Drugs","author":"LY Young","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref98","article-title":"American Hospital Formulary Service\u2014Drug Information 97","author":"GKe McEvoy","year":"1997"}],"container-title":["PLOS Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.2001644","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T18:04:09Z","timestamp":1659117849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.2001644"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Read","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]]},"references-count":98,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.2001644","relation":{},"ISSN":["1545-7885"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1545-7885","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,20]]}}}