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In\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , inorganic sulfate is first reduced to sulfide, which is then affixed to an organic carbon backbone by the Met17 enzyme. The resulting homocysteine can then be converted to all other essential organosulfurs such as methionine, cysteine, and glutathione. This pathway has been known for nearly half a century, and\n                    <jats:italic>met17<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants have long been classified as organosulfur auxotrophs, which are unable to grow on sulfate as their sole sulfur source. Surprisingly, we found that\n                    <jats:italic>met17<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 could grow on sulfate, albeit only at sufficiently high cell densities. We show that the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide gas underpins this density-dependent growth of\n                    <jats:italic>met17<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 on sulfate and that the locus\n                    <jats:italic>YLL058W<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>HSU1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) enables\n                    <jats:italic>met17<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 cells to assimilate hydrogen sulfide. Hsu1 protein is induced during sulfur starvation and under exposure to high sulfide concentrations in wild-type cells, and the gene has a pleiotropic role in sulfur assimilation. In a mathematical model, the low efficiency of sulfide assimilation in\n                    <jats:italic>met17<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 can explain the observed density-dependent growth of\n                    <jats:italic>met17<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394 on sulfate. Thus, having uncovered and explained the paradoxical growth of a commonly used \u201cauxotroph,\u201d our findings may impact the design of future studies in yeast genetics, metabolism, and volatile-mediated microbial interactions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3002439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]],"date-time":"2023-12-07T13:51:40Z","timestamp":1701957100000},"page":"e3002439","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Collective production of hydrogen sulfide gas enables budding yeast lacking MET17 to overcome their metabolic defect"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2361-4131","authenticated-orcid":true,"family":"Sonal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8972-7497","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alex E.","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3638-2720","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xueqin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5693-381X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Wenying","family":"Shou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"pbio.3002439.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00047.2011","article-title":"S-adenosylmethionine in Liver Health, Injury, and Cancer","volume":"92","author":"SC Lu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"pbio.3002439.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(99)00177-X","article-title":"Glutathione and its role in cellular functions","volume":"27","author":"H Sies","year":"1999","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"pbio.3002439.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02434082","article-title":"Glutathione, oxidative stress and aging","volume":"19","author":"J Sastre","year":"1996","journal-title":"AGE"},{"key":"pbio.3002439.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4904","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.2000.01595.x","article-title":"Glutathione, oxidative stress and neurodegeneration","volume":"267","author":"JB Schulz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"pbio.3002439.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-012-0873-4","article-title":"Hydrogen Sulfide: A gasotransmitter of clinical relevance","volume":"90","author":"MS Vandiver","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Mol Med Berl Ger"},{"key":"pbio.3002439.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00017.2011","article-title":"Physiological implications of hydrogen sulfide: a whiff exploration that blossomed","volume":"92","author":"R. 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