{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T02:09:52Z","timestamp":1792030192410,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]],"date-time":"2015-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.ploscompbiol.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Comput Biol"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]],"date-time":"2015-04-17T15:07:12Z","timestamp":1429283232000},"page":"e1004219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3952,"title":["MAGMA: Generalized Gene-Set Analysis of GWAS Data"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Christiaan A.","family":"de Leeuw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joris M.","family":"Mooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Heskes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Posthuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.11.029","article-title":"Five years of GWAS discovery","volume":"90","author":"PM Visscher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08494","article-title":"Finding the missing heritability of complex diseases","volume":"461","author":"TA Manolio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2011.02.002","article-title":"Estimating missing heritability for disease from genome-wide association studies","volume":"88","author":"SH Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09410","article-title":"Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pahtways affect human height","volume":"467","author":"H Lango Allen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2742","article-title":"Genome-wide association analysis identifies 13 new risk loci for schizophrenia","volume":"45","author":"S Ripke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.686","article-title":"Association analyses of 249,796 individuals reveal 18 new loci associated with body mass index","volume":"42","author":"EK Speliotes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2011.04.006","article-title":"Gene set analysis of genome-wide association studies: methodological issues and perspectives","volume":"98","author":"L Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1086\/519795","article-title":"PLINK: a toolset for whole-genome association and population-based linkage analysis","volume":"81","author":"S Purcell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2009.05.011","article-title":"Gene ontology analysis of GWA study data sets provides insights into the biology of bipolar disorder","volume":"85","author":"P Holmans","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts191","article-title":"INRICH: interval-based enrichment analysis for genome-wide association studies","volume":"28","author":"PH Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.117","article-title":"Functional gene group analysis identifies synaptic gene groups as risk factor for schizophrenia","volume":"17","author":"ES Lips","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1001058","article-title":"Common inherited variation in mitochondrial genes is not enriched for associations with type 2 diabetes or related glycemic traits","volume":"6","author":"AV Segr\u00e8","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLOS Genet"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1086\/522374","article-title":"Pathway-based approaches for analysis of genomewide association studies","volume":"81","author":"K Wang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2012.8","article-title":"Permutation-based approaches do not adequately allow for linkage disequilibrium in gene-wide multi-locus association analysis","volume":"20","author":"V Moskvina","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05911","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controlds","volume":"447","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"A Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2010.06.009","article-title":"A versatile gene-based test for genome-wide association studies","volume":"87","author":"JZ Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1965.10480787","article-title":"Principal components regression in exploratory statistical research","volume":"60","author":"WF Massy","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.08.004","article-title":"HYST: A hybrid set-based test for genome-wide association studies, with application to protein-protein interaction-based association analysis","volume":"91","author":"M Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.2307\/2529826","article-title":"A method for combining non-independent, one-sided tests of significance","volume":"31","author":"M Brown","year":"1975","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spl.2004.11.028","article-title":"A simple approximation for the distribution of the weighted combination of non-independent or independent probabilities","volume":"73","author":"C Hou","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stat Probabil Lett"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2010.116","article-title":"Data quality control in genetic case-control association studies","volume":"5","author":"CA Anderson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11632","article-title":"An integrated map of genetic variation from 1,092 human genomes","volume":"491","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09298","article-title":"Integrating common and rare genetic variation in diverse human populations","volume":"467","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.717","article-title":"Genome-wide meta-analysis increases to 71 the number of confirmed Crohn\u2019s disease susceptibility loci","volume":"42","author":"A Franke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s13258-011-0076-3","article-title":"A review of major Crohn\u2019s disease susceptibility genes and their role in disease pathogenesis","volume":"33","author":"M Barrett","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes & Genomics"}],"container-title":["PLOS Computational Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004219","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T21:41:07Z","timestamp":1540244467000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004219"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hua","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004219","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-7358"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-7358","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,17]]}}}