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Although the exact mechanisms underlying its maturation remain elusive, spontaneous activity patterns in the retina, known as retinal waves, have been shown to contribute to this developmental process. Retinal waves exhibit complex spatio-temporal statistics and contribute to the establishment of circuit connectivity and function in the visual system, including the formation of retinotopic maps and the refinement of receptive fields in downstream areas such as the thalamus and visual cortex. Recent work in mice has shown that retinal waves have statistical features matching those of natural visual stimuli, such as optic flow, suggesting that they could prime the visual system for motion processing upon vision onset. Motivated by these findings, we examined whether artificial neural network (ANN) models trained on natural movies show improved performance if pre-trained with retinal waves. We employed the spatio-temporally complex task of next-frame prediction, in which the ANN was trained to predict the next frame based on preceding input frames of a movie. We found that pre-training ANNs with retinal waves enhances the processing of real-world visual stimuli and accelerates learning. Strikingly, when we merely replaced the initial training epochs on naturalistic stimuli with retinal waves, keeping the total training time the same, we still found that an ANN trained on retinal waves temporarily outperforms one trained solely on natural movies. Similar to observations made in biological systems, we also found that pre-training with spontaneous activity refines the receptive field of ANN neurons. Overall, our work sheds light on the functional role of spatio-temporally patterned spontaneous activity in the processing of motion in natural scenes, suggesting it acts as a training signal to prepare the developing visual system for adult visual processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1012830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T16:01:12Z","timestamp":1742227272000},"page":"e1012830","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pre-training artificial neural networks with spontaneous retinal activity improves motion prediction in natural scenes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4337-2338","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lilly","family":"May","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1134-0639","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alice","family":"Dauphin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7118-4079","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julijana","family":"Gjorgjieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pcbi.1012830.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2759","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying spontaneous patterned activity in developing neural circuits","volume":"11","author":"AG Blankenship","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"pcbi.1012830.ref002","first-page":"4639","article-title":"Understanding neural circuit development through theory and models","author":"LM Richter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"pcbi.1012830.ref003","first-page":"2229","article-title":"Retinal waves and visual system development","author":"RO Wong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"5008","key":"pcbi.1012830.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2035024","article-title":"Synchronous bursts of action potentials in ganglion cells of the developing mammalian retina","volume":"252","author":"M Meister","year":"1991","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"7419","key":"pcbi.1012830.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11529","article-title":"Retinal waves coordinate patterned activity throughout the developing visual system","volume":"490","author":"JB Ackman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"pcbi.1012830.ref006","first-page":"31479","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying development of visual maps and receptive fields","author":"AD Huberman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1012830.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(03)00790-6","article-title":"Retinotopic map refinement requires spontaneous retinal waves during a brief critical period of development","volume":"40","author":"T McLaughlin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6","key":"pcbi.1012830.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.04.028","article-title":"An instructive role for patterned spontaneous retinal activity in mouse visual map development","volume":"70","author":"H Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"pcbi.1012830.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wosniack ME, Kirchner JH, Chao L-Y, Zabouri N, Lohmann C, Gjorgjieva J. 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