{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:46:46Z","timestamp":1792086406101,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"D\u00e9claration de Montr\u00e9al IA responsable, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","award":["November 13, 2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["November 13, 2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosdigitalhealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Digit Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming healthcare. Yet people with disabilities (PWD), representing 16% of the global population, remain disproportionately excluded from these advances. This exclusion is driven by algorithmic bias, non-representative datasets, and limited involvement of PWD in the design, development, and evaluation of AI applications. This scoping review examines the extent to which AI research in health contributes to the development of inclusive technologies for PWD, focusing on equity considerations. It identifies current trends, methodological gaps, and opportunities for socially responsive innovation. We conducted a systematic search across MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL for the 2015\u20132025 period, following Arksey and O\u2019Malley\u2019s five-stage scoping review methodology and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Data were extracted and synthesized thematically using the Population-Concept-Context approach. Of 4,233 references retrieved, 93 studies were included. Most studies originated from high-income countries, particularly in North America (45.2%) and Europe (26.9%). AI applications addressed motor, sensory, cognitive, communication-related, and psychosocial disabilities, with emphasis on prediction\/diagnosis, assistive technologies, and personalized care. While about 60% of studies referenced equity, only 12 (12.9%) implemented concrete measures (e.g., adapting tools for vulnerable groups or ensuring sample diversity), and only six (6.5%) actively involved PWD through co-design or user validation. AI holds significant potential to enhance autonomy, access, and quality of life for PWD. Realizing this promise will require moving beyond technical optimization to embrace inclusive design, participatory methods, and equity-driven frameworks aligned with responsible AI development and use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0001749","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:21:33Z","timestamp":1792084893000},"page":"e0001749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pdig.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contribution of artificial intelligence research to the development of inclusive applications for people with disabilities: A scoping review (2015\u20132025)"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Soutongnoma Safiata","family":"Kabor\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole d\u2019optom\u00e9trie"]},{"name":"Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en R\u00e9adaptation du Montr\u00e9al m\u00e9tropolitain","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 publique","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole de sant\u00e9 publique"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7707-9602","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Azadeh","family":"Bayani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 publique","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole de sant\u00e9 publique"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00e9andre Parfait Epoh","family":"Ewane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 publique","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole de sant\u00e9 publique"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davllyn Santos Oliveira","family":"dos Anjos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 publique","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole de sant\u00e9 publique"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Noel","family":"Niki\u00e9ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 publique","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole de sant\u00e9 publique"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5966-6702","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muriel","family":"Mac-Seing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de recherche en sant\u00e9 publique","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Qu\u00e9bec, Canada"],"department":["\u00c9cole de sant\u00e9 publique"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"pdig.0001749.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2302038","article-title":"Artificial intelligence and machine learning in clinical medicine","volume":"388","author":"CJ Haug","year":"2023","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"pdig.0001749.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.22161\/ijaers.73.47","article-title":"Application of artificial intelligence: a review","volume":"7","author":"MAN Rashid","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Adv Eng Res Sci"},{"issue":"13","key":"pdig.0001749.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11603","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-025-04122-1","article-title":"Innovative deep learning architectures for medical image diagnosis: a comprehensive review of convolutional, recurrent, and transformer models","volume":"41","author":"F Ghribi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vis Comput"},{"key":"pdig.0001749.ref004","unstructured":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al. 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