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We produced a high-quality genome assembly from a male and identified parts of chromosome 13 as the Y chromosome due to sequence divergence between sexes and segregation of sex genotypes in pedigrees. Linkage analysis revealed that all chromosomes exhibit heterochiasmy, i.e. male-only and female-only meiotic recombination regions (MRR\/FRR). We show that FRR\/MRR intervals differ in nucleotide diversity and repeat class content and that this is true also for other Pleuronectidae species. We further show that remnants of a Gypsy-like transposable element insertion on chr13 promotes early male specific expression of<jats:italic>gonadal somatic cell derived factor<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>gsdf<\/jats:italic>). Less than 4.5 MYA, this male-determining element evolved on an autosomal FRR segment featuring pre-existing male meiotic recombination barriers, thereby creating a Y chromosome. Our findings indicate that heterochiasmy may facilitate the evolution of genetic sex determination systems relying on linkage of sexually antagonistic loci to a sex-determining factor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T18:22:17Z","timestamp":1644344537000},"page":"e1010011","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgen.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Heterochiasmy and the establishment of gsdf as a novel sex determining gene in Atlantic halibut"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8430-8042","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rolf 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