{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T07:15:09Z","timestamp":1787987709438,"version":"build-2784847793"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010519","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689811200000}}],"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F32 HD072628"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F32 HD072628"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99\/R00 HD083521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99\/R00 HD083521"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HD107066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD107066"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011132","name":"Rutgers University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosgenetics.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Genet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mammalian male germ cell differentiation relies on complex RNA biogenesis events, many of which occur in non-membrane bound organelles termed RNA germ cell granules that are rich in RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Though known to be required for male germ cell differentiation, we understand little of the relationships between the numerous granule subtypes. ADAD2, a testis specific RBP, is required for normal male fertility and forms a poorly characterized granule in meiotic germ cells. This work aimed to understand the role of ADAD2 granules in male germ cell differentiation by clearly defining their molecular composition and relationship to other granules. Biochemical analyses identified RNF17, a testis specific RBP that forms meiotic male germ cell granules, as an ADAD2-interacting protein. Phenotypic analysis of\n                    <jats:italic>Adad2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Rnf17<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants identified a rare post-meiotic chromatin defect, suggesting shared biological roles. ADAD2 and RNF17 were found to be dependent on one another for granularization and together form a previously unstudied set of germ cell granules. Based on co-localization studies with well-characterized granule RBPs and organelle-specific markers, a subset of the ADAD2-RNF17 granules are found to be associated with the intermitochondrial cement and piRNA biogenesis. In contrast, a second, morphologically distinct population of ADAD2-RNF17 granules co-localized with the translation regulators NANOS1 and PUM1, along with the molecular chaperone PDI. These large granules form a unique funnel-shaped structure that displays distinct protein subdomains and is tightly associated with the endoplasmic reticulum. Developmental studies suggest the different granule populations represent different phases of a granule maturation process. Lastly, a double\n                    <jats:italic>Adad2-Rnf17<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant model suggests the interaction between ADAD2 and RNF17, as opposed to loss of either, is the likely driver of the\n                    <jats:italic>Adad2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Rnf17<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant phenotypes. These findings shed light on the relationship between germ cell granule pools and define new genetic approaches to their study.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1010519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T13:57:43Z","timestamp":1688997463000},"page":"e1010519","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgen.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Two RNA binding proteins, ADAD2 and RNF17, interact to form a heterogeneous population of novel meiotic germ cell granules with developmentally dependent organelle association"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lauren G.","family":"Chukrallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Potgieter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Chueh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3786-3753","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elizabeth M.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pgen.1010519.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1642","DOI":"10.1002\/wrna.1642","article-title":"Germ cell ribonucleoprotein granules in different clades of life: From insects to mammals.","volume":"12","author":"N Mukherjee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA"},{"issue":"12","key":"pgen.1010519.ref002","first-page":"a002774","volume":"3","author":"E Voronina","year":"2011","journal-title":"RNA Granules in Germ Cells. 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