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To investigate how defects in SC formation affect gametogenesis in zebrafish, we analyzed mutations in two genes encoding core SC components: <jats:italic>syce2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic>. In <jats:italic>syce2<\/jats:italic> mutants, chromosomes exhibit partial synapsis, primarily at sub-telomeric regions, whereas <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutant chromosomes display early prophase co-alignment but fail to synapse. Both mutants exhibit reduced efficiency in repairing meiotic DSBs compared to wild type. Despite these defects, <jats:italic>syce2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutant females are fertile. However, <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutant females produce a higher proportion of malformed progeny, correlating with increased univalent formation. While <jats:italic>syce2<\/jats:italic> mutant males are fertile and produce normal offspring, <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutant males are sterile, with spermatocytes that transit prophase I but arrest at metaphase I or II. Additionally, <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutants display a male-biased sex ratio that can be suppressed by extending the developmental window for sex determination, suggesting that the absence of synapsis delays-but does not completely block-meiotic progression. Notably, embryos from <jats:italic>syce2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutant females exhibit widespread somatic mosaic aneuploidy, indicating that impaired meiotic chromosome dynamics can compromise genome stability during early development. In contrast to mouse SC mutants, the zebrafish <jats:italic>syce2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>sycp1<\/jats:italic> mutants examined in this study progress through meiotic prophase I with minimal disruption, suggesting a less stringent surveillance mechanism for synapsis errors in zebrafish.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1011656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T17:43:54Z","timestamp":1757094234000},"page":"e1011656","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgen.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Distinct cellular and reproductive consequences of meiotic chromosome synapsis defects in syce2 and sycp1 mutant zebrafish"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1187-3993","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Olaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7685-4058","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ilara N.","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2528-9528","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naima","family":"Nour-Kasally","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ross E.","family":"Charboneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce 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