{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:12:53Z","timestamp":1790187173436,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1012306","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000}}],"reference-count":108,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PID2023-150655NA-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PID2023-150655NA-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009790","name":"Stiftelsen Anna och Gunnar Vidfelts Fond f\u00f6r Biologisk Forskning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-169-Vidfelts Fond"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-169-Vidfelts Fond"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009790","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-0109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-0109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosgenetics.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Genet"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Understanding how intra- and interspecific differentiation arises in natural microbial populations is central to explaining the processes that drive bacterial evolution. Motivated by the co-occurrence of multiple putative genospecies closely related to\n                    <jats:italic>Shewanella baltica<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Baltic Sea sediments, we investigated the genomic structure of this species complex across fine spatial scales. We analyzed 112 genome sequences from strains collected across several sediment cores and depths (0\u20136 cm) at Vax\u00f6n (Stockholm archipelago, Sweden) as well as earlier isolates from this site and allopatric strains from surrounding locations obtained from both sediments and the water column. Using a reverse-ecology population genomics approach, we found unprecedented genomic diversification among sediment-associated strains, which form a species complex resolving into three cohesive evolutionary groups (G1, G2, and G3) with distinct signatures of metabolic specialization including sulfite respiration. While G1 consists predominantly of a single species (\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baltica<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) with high gene turnover, G2 and G3 comprise an array of divergent putative genospecies and previously reported species consistently recovered from sediments. Patterns of homologous recombination indicate that diversification of the lineages within G2 and G3 is primarily recombination-driven (\u2018sexual\u2019) and is associated with specialization in sulfite reduction and utilization of certain carbon sources. The extent of diversity uncovered here far exceeds that reported for\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>baltica<\/jats:italic>\n                    from other environments, suggesting that a sediment-associated lifestyle promotes the emergence of novel genotypes. These findings expand the known limits of sympatric speciation in prokaryotes beyond subspecific ecotypes, demonstrating that bacterial species can diverge and persist as distinct lineages in the absence of spatial segregation and at microgeographic scales. Furthermore, our results suggest that collective interactions and ecological differentiation can structure sediment-associated bacterial populations strongly enough to drive divergence at the species level.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1012306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T17:57:52Z","timestamp":1789149472000},"page":"e1012306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgen.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Life in sediments fosters \u2018sexual\u2019 speciation in the Shewanella baltica complex"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8090-5154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"],"department":["Department of Microbiology"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0173-560X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francisco","family":"Salv\u00e0-Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RISE Research Institutes of Sweden","place":["M\u00f6lndal, Sweden"],"department":["Unit of Medical Technology and Biological Function, Department of Medical Technology and Diagnostics"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8739-3289","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Guillem","family":"Segu\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska University Hospital","place":["Gothenburg, Sweden"],"department":["Department of Clinical Microbiology"]},{"name":"Culture Collection University of Gothenburg (CCUG), Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg","place":["Gothenburg, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2422-129X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alberto J.","family":"Mart\u00edn-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet","place":["Stockholm, Sweden"],"department":["Department of Microbiology"]},{"name":"University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria","place":["Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain"],"department":["Department of Clinical Sciences"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"pgen.1012306.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.64483-0","article-title":"DNA-DNA hybridization values and their relationship to whole-genome sequence similarities","volume":"57","author":"J Goris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Syst Evol 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