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Using data come from one of the most comprehensive demographic surveillance systems in Africa, we found that more than 70% of the HIV transmission links identified were directly connected to an HIV geographical cluster located in a peri-urban area. Moreover, we identified a single central large community of highly connected nodes located within the HIV cluster. This module was composed by nodes highly connected among them, forming a central structure of the network that was also connected with the small sparser modules located outside of the HIV geographical cluster. Our study supports the evidence of the high level of connectivity between HIV geographical high-risk populations and the entire community.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0000105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T18:24:17Z","timestamp":1645554257000},"page":"e0000105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The role of high-risk geographies in the perpetuation of the HIV epidemic in rural South Africa: A spatial molecular epidemiology study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7060-4203","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Diego F.","family":"Cuadros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tulio","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4921-7975","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tiago","family":"Gr\u00e4f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1576-484X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dennis M.","family":"Junqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2503-9441","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eduan","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2826-5353","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Philippe","family":"Lemey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4182-4212","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Till","family":"B\u00e4rnighausen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5124-1555","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Hae-Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9797-0000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Frank","family":"Tanser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6840","key":"pgph.0000105.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1038\/35082140","article-title":"The web of human sexual contacts","volume":"411","author":"F Liljeros","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"pgph.0000105.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"066112","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.64.066112","article-title":"Infection dynamics on scale-free networks","volume":"64","author":"RM May","year":"2001","journal-title":"Physical Review E"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0000105.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181453a84","article-title":"Degree distributions in sexual networks: a framework for evaluating evidence","volume":"35","author":"DT Hamilton","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0000105.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-013-0194-4","article-title":"Social networks, sexual networks and HIV risk in men who have sex with men","volume":"11","author":"Y. 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