{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T01:31:35Z","timestamp":1790299895381,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659571200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Few studies have examined how exposure to substance influences adolescent\u2019s use of substance in Timor-Leste. We assessed this relationship using nationally representative data from Timor-Leste to address this gap. Data was pulled from the 2015 Timor-Leste Global school-based student health survey. Data of students aged 13-17years (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic> = 3700) from class 7\u201311 across schools in Timor-Leste were analyzed for this study. Second-hand smoking exposure (AOR = 1.57 [1.31, 1.89] and parental tobacco use, AOR = 1.94 [1.54, 2.44]) was significantly related to in-school adolescent\u2019s current use of substance after adjusting for covariates. Current substance use was also positively associated with being male, being in class 10\u201312, and being food insecure and negatively associated with having at least three close friends and benefiting from parental supervision. To reduce substance use among in-school adolescents, policymakers must consider the inclusion of all models in the social learning environment of adolescents in Timor-Leste.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0000797","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]],"date-time":"2022-08-04T17:28:51Z","timestamp":1659634131000},"page":"e0000797","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Exposure to substance and current substance among school-going adolescents in Timor-Leste"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Abigail Esinam","family":"Adade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5311-3004","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kenneth","family":"Owusu Ansah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4836-2644","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nutifafa Eugene Yaw","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Arthur-Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry Ofori","family":"Duah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5297-2512","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Agbadi","family":"Pascal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796014000687","article-title":"Excess mortality from mental, neurological and substance use disorders in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.","volume":"24","author":"FJ Charlson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci"},{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1080\/14659891.2018.1535003","article-title":"Potential risk and protective factors of substance use among school adolescents in Morocco: A cross-sectional study.","volume":"24","author":"H El Kazdouh","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Subst Use"},{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3109\/01480545.2011.642381","article-title":"Naphyrone: A \u201clegal high\u201d not legal any more.","volume":"35","author":"I Vardakou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref004","first-page":"142","article-title":"Trends in abstaining from substance use in adolescents: 1975\u20132014","author":"S Levy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref005","article-title":"Drugs and age: Drugs and associated issues among young people and older people.","author":"WD Report","year":"2018"},{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5772\/58930","article-title":"Alcohol Consumption Among Adolescents\u2014Implications for Public Health.","author":"F Carvajal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Topics in Public Health"},{"key":"pgph.0000797.ref007","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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