{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:21:02Z","timestamp":1790817662058,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI137891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI137891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) are a key tool for the diagnosis of malaria infections among clinical and subclinical individuals. Low-density infections, and deletions of the\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>falciparum hrp2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>3<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes (encoding the HRP2 and HRP3 proteins detected by many RDTs) present challenges for RDT-based diagnosis. The novel Rapigen Biocredit three-band\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    HRP2\/LDH RDT was evaluated among 444 clinical and 468 subclinical individuals in a high transmission setting in Burundi. Results were compared to the AccessBio CareStart HRP2 RDT, and qPCR with a sensitivity of &lt;0.3 parasites\/\u03bcL blood. Sensitivity compared to qPCR among clinical patients for the Biocredit RDT was 79.9% (250\/313, either of HRP2\/LDH positive), compared to 73.2% (229\/313) for CareStart (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.048). Specificity of the Biocredit was 82.4% compared to 96.2% for CareStart. Among subclinical infections, sensitivity was 72.3% (162\/224) compared to 58.5% (131\/224) for CareStart (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 0.003), and reached 88.3% (53\/60) in children &lt;15 years. Specificity was 84.4% for the Biocredit and 93.4% for the CareStart RDT. No (0\/362)\n                    <jats:italic>hrp2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 2\/366\n                    <jats:italic>hrp3<\/jats:italic>\n                    deletions were observed. In conclusion, the novel RDT showed improved sensitivity for the diagnosis of\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>falciparum<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0000828","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T13:35:42Z","timestamp":1659015342000},"page":"e0000828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Performance of highly sensitive and conventional rapid diagnostic tests for clinical and subclinical Plasmodium falciparum infections, and hrp2\/3 deletion status in Burundi"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Niyukuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Sinzinkayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5879-7695","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emma V.","family":"Troth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colins O.","family":"Oduma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mediatrice","family":"Barengayabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireille","family":"Ndereyimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2681-1114","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aurel","family":"Holzschuh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia A.","family":"Vera-Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilekal","family":"Gebre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kingsley","family":"Badu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3715-7891","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joseph","family":"Nyandwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dismas","family":"Baza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Juma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9354-0414","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cristian","family":"Koepfli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"pgph.0000828.ref001","author":"World Health Organisation","journal-title":"How malaria RDTs work"},{"issue":"2","key":"pgph.0000828.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2019.12.004","article-title":"HRP2: Transforming Malaria Diagnosis, but with Caveats","volume":"36","author":"KE Poti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"pgph.0000828.ref003","author":"SO Afriyie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Accuracy of diagnosis among clinical malaria patients: comparing microscopy, RDT, and a highly sensitive quantitative PCR and the implication of submicroscopic infections"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0000828.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04057-1","article-title":"Comparison of the performance of the CareStart Malaria Pf\/Pan Combo test and field microscopy in the diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax malaria in North Sumatera, Indonesia","volume":"21","author":"AP Pasaribu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"pgph.0000828.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.30875\/6c551ba0-en","volume-title":"World malaria report 2021","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2021"},{"issue":"5","key":"pgph.0000828.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2015.08.005","article-title":"Is asymptomatic malaria really asymptomatic? 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