{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T10:56:57Z","timestamp":1788001017282,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688601600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1F32AI162229-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1F32AI162229-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006511","name":"Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014201","name":"Charles Lafitte Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014201","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006830","name":"Graduate School, Duke University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006830","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Center for International and Global Studies, Duke University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain) is common among adolescent girls globally, but many girls in Sub-Saharan Africa do not receive effective treatment. Qualitative interviews were used to describe adolescent girls\u2019 experiences of dysmenorrhea and identify sociocultural barriers to dysmenorrhea management in Moshi, Tanzania. From August to November 2018, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 adolescent girls and 10 adult experts (e.g., teachers, medical providers) who have experience working with girls in Tanzania. Thematic content analysis identified themes related to dysmenorrhea, including descriptions of dysmenorrhea and the impact of dysmenorrhea on well-being, as well as factors influencing the use of pharmacological and behavioral pain management strategies. Potential barriers to dysmenorrhea management were identified. Dysmenorrhea negatively impacted the physical and psychological well-being of girls and hindered girls\u2019 ability to participate in school, work, and social events. The most common pain management strategies were resting, drinking hot water, engaging in physical activity, and taking paracetamol. Barriers to dysmenorrhea management included beliefs that medications are harmful to the body or can hinder fertility, limited knowledge about the benefits of hormonal contraceptives to manage menstruation, little continuing education for healthcare providers, and a lack of consistent access to effective medications, medical care, or other supplies necessary for pain management. Medication hesitancy and inconsistent access to effective medication and other menstrual supplies must be addressed to improve girls\u2019 ability to manage dysmenorrhea in Tanzania.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]],"date-time":"2023-07-06T13:25:42Z","timestamp":1688649942000},"page":"e0001544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Adolescent girls\u2019 descriptions of dysmenorrhea and barriers to dysmenorrhea management in Moshi, Tanzania: A qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8762-2050","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emily M.","family":"Cherenack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Rubli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Melara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3259-837X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nada","family":"Ezaldein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6482-8988","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aisha","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria L.","family":"Alcaide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1347-5083","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Patricia","family":"Raccamarich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia A.","family":"Fein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0371-5119","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kathleen J.","family":"Sikkema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"pgph.0001544.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000230214.26638.0c","article-title":"Primary dysmenorrhea: Advances in pathogenesis and management.","volume":"108","author":"MY Dawood","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"pgph.0001544.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.9.15.2661","article-title":"Dysmenorrhea in adolescents and young adults: From pathophysiology to pharmacological treatments and management strategies.","volume":"9","author":"Z. 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