{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:11:25Z","timestamp":1775592685117,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NU2GGH002234-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NU2GGH002234-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health to Palantir Technologies","award":["75N95021F00005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N95021F00005"]}]},{"name":"Palantir Technologies"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is a common cause of death in Zambia. Data on hypertension prevalence in Zambia are scarce and limited to specific geographic areas and\/or populations. We measured hypertension prevalence among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) in Zambia using a national electronic health record (EHR) system. We did a cross-sectional study of hypertension prevalence among PLHIV aged \u226518 years during 2021. Data were extracted from the SmartCare EHR, which covers ~90% of PLHIV on treatment in Zambia. PLHIV with \u22652 clinical visits in 2021 were included. Hypertension was defined as \u22652 elevated blood pressure readings (systolic \u2265140 mmHg\/diastolic \u226590 mmHg) during 2021 and\/or on anti-hypertensive medication recorded in their EHR \u22645 years. Logistic regression was used to assess for associations between hypertension and demographic characteristics. Among 750,098 PLHIV aged \u226518 years with \u22652 visits during 2021, 101,363 (13.5%) had \u22652 recorded blood pressure readings. Among these PLHIV, 14.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.5\u201314.9) had hypertension. Only 8.9% of PLHIV with hypertension had an anti-hypertensive medication recorded in their EHR. The odds of hypertension were greater in older age groups compared to PLHIV aged 18\u201329 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] for 30\u201344 years: 2.6 [95% CI: 2.4\u20132.9]; aOR for 45\u201349 years: 6.4 [95% CI: 5.8\u20137.0]; aOR for \u226560 years: 14.5 [95% CI: 13.1\u201316.1]), urban areas (aOR: 1.9 [95% CI: 1.8\u20132.1]), and on ART for \u22656-month at a time (aOR: 1.1 [95% CI: 1.0\u20131.2]). Hypertension was common among PLHIV in Zambia, with few having documentation of treatment. Most PLHIV were excluded from the analysis because of missing BP measurements. Strengthening integrated management of non-communicable diseases in HIV clinics might help to diagnose and treat hypertension in Zambia. Addressing missing data of routine clinical data (like blood pressure) could improve non-communicable diseases surveillance in Zambia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T13:21:23Z","timestamp":1688995283000},"page":"e0001686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Hypertension among persons living with HIV\u2014Zambia, 2021; A cross-sectional study of a national electronic health record system"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4877-0333","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jonas Z.","family":"Hines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5156-395X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jose Tomas","family":"Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3736-6287","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Megumi","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sombo","family":"Fwoloshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3813-2784","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khozya D.","family":"Zyambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suilanji","family":"Sivile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8995-0752","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aggrey","family":"Mweemba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Chisemba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernest","family":"Kakoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0977-9538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dalila","family":"Zachary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Chitambala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Minchella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lloyd B.","family":"Mulenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5023-5754","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simon","family":"Agolory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10258","key":"pgph.0001686.ref001","first-page":"396","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","author":"C Abbafati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pgph.0001686.ref002","author":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation","journal-title":"Zambia: What causes the most deaths?"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0001686.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-021-06427-y","article-title":"Application of verbal autopsy in routine civil registration in Lusaka District of Zambia.","volume":"21","author":"CC Mapoma","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"pgph.0001686.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.033369","article-title":"Global Burden of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in People Living With HIV: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"138","author":"V Shah AS","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"Suppl 1(","key":"pgph.0001686.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0000000000001888","article-title":"Noncommunicable diseases among HIV-infected persons in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"32","author":"P Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"pgph.0001686.ref006","unstructured":"Cheelo M. 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