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In rural Ethiopia, the prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms and lifetime IPV are 29% and 61%, respectively. We aimed to assess the feasibility and related implementation outcomes of brief problem-solving therapy (PST) adapted for pregnant women experiencing IPV (PST-IPV) in rural Ethiopia, and of a randomised, controlled feasibility study design. We recruited 52 pregnant women experiencing depressive symptoms and past-year IPV from two antenatal care (ANC) services. Consenting women were randomised to PST-IPV (n = 25), \u2018standard\u2019 PST (not adapted for women experiencing IPV; n = 12) or enhanced usual care (information about sources of support; n = 15). Masked data collectors conducted outcome assessments nine weeks post-enrolment. Addis Ababa University (#032\/19\/CDT) and King\u2019s College London (#HR-18\/19-9230) approved the study. Fidelity to randomisation was impeded by strong cultural norms about what constituted IPV. However, recruitment was feasible (recruitment rate: 1.5 per day; 37% of women screened were eligible). The intervention and trial were acceptable to women (4% declined initial screening, none declined to participate, and 76% attended all four sessions of either active intervention). PST-IPV was acceptable to ANC providers: none dropped out. Sessions lasting up to a mean 52 minutes raised questions about the appropriateness of the model to this context. Competence assessments recommended supplementary communication skills training. Fidelity assessments indicated high adherence, quality, and responsiveness but assessing risks and social networks, and discussing confidentiality needed improvement. Adjustments to optimise a future, fully powered, randomised controlled trial include staggering recruitment in line with therapist availability, more training on the types of IPV and how to discuss them, automating randomisation, a supervision cascade model, and conducting post-intervention outcome assessments immediately and three months postpartum. Registration: Pan African Clinical Trials Registry #PACTR202002513482084 (13\/12\/2019): <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/pactr.samrc.ac.za\/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=9601\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/pactr.samrc.ac.za\/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=9601<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]],"date-time":"2023-10-27T17:22:47Z","timestamp":1698427367000},"page":"e0002054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Problem-solving therapy for pregnant women experiencing depressive symptoms and intimate partner violence: A randomised, controlled feasibility trial in rural Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4434-3526","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Roxanne C.","family":"Keynejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tesera","family":"Bitew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Sorsdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0235-6716","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bronwyn","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7045-5532","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simone","family":"Honikman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Girmay","family":"Medhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Negussie","family":"Deyessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adiyam","family":"Mulushoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshcolewyine","family":"Fekadu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise M.","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7937-3226","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9956","key":"pgph.0002054.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61276-9","article-title":"Non-psychotic mental disorders in the perinatal period","volume":"384","author":"LM Howard","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0002054.ref002","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiology of antenatal depression in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","volume":"20","author":"AF Dadi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"},{"issue":"3","key":"pgph.0002054.ref003","first-page":"297","article-title":"Evaluation of mental health and depression during pregnancy: position paper","volume":"34","author":"V Hendrick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology Bulletin"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0002054.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.3109\/09540269609037816","article-title":"Rates and risk of postpartum depression\u2014a meta-analysis.","volume":"8","author":"MW O\u2019Hara","year":"1996","journal-title":"International Review of Psychiatry."},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0002054.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-019-0690-0","article-title":"Antenatal predictors of incident and persistent postnatal depressive symptoms in rural Ethiopia: a population-based prospective study.","volume":"16","author":"T Bitew","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reproductive Health"},{"key":"pgph.0002054.ref006","unstructured":"WHO. 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