{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,30]],"date-time":"2025-11-30T09:18:18Z","timestamp":1764494298326,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Surveillance of COVID-19\/SARS-CoV-2 dynamics is crucial to understanding natural history and providing insights into the population\u2019s exposure risk and specific susceptibilities. This study investigated the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, its predictors, and immunological status among unvaccinated patients in Cameroon. A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted between January and September 2022 in the town of Douala. Patients were consecutively recruited, and data of interest were collected using a questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to determine Immunoglobin titres (IgM and IgG), interferon gamma (IFN- \u03b3) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) by ELISA, and CD4+ cells by flow cytometry. A total of 342 patients aged 41.5 \u00b1 13.9 years were included. Most participants (75.8%) were asymptomatic. The overall crude prevalence of IgM and IgG was 49.1% and 88.9%, respectively. After adjustment, the seroprevalence values were 51% for IgM and 93% for IgM. Ageusia and anosmia have displayed the highest positive predictive values (90.9% and 82.4%) and specificity (98.9% and 98.3%). The predictors of IgM seropositivity were being diabetic (aOR = 0.23, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), frequently seeking healthcare (aOR = 1.97, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.03), and diagnosed with ageusia (aOR = 20.63, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.005), whereas those of IgG seropositivity included health facility (aOR = 0.15, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), age of 40\u201350 years (aOR = 8.78, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), married (aOR = 0.21, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02), fever (aOR = 0.08, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01), and ageusia (aOR = 0.08, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). CD4+, IFN-\u03b3, and IL-6 were impaired in seropositive individuals, with a confounding role of socio-demographic factors or comorbidities. Although the WHO declared the end of COVID-19 as a public health emergency, the findings of this study indicate the need for continuous surveillance to adequately control the disease in Cameroon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T18:27:28Z","timestamp":1707762448000},"page":"e0002380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serological surveillance reveals a high exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and altered immune response among COVID-19 unvaccinated Cameroonian individuals"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Arlette Flore","family":"Moguem Soubgui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wilfred Steve","family":"Ndeme 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