{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T13:30:17Z","timestamp":1790688617828,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-003970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-003970"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade do Brasil","award":["443148\/2019\u20138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443148\/2019\u20138"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["88881.690401\/2022-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["88881.690401\/2022-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Brazil, 99% of malaria cases occur in the Amazon region, mainly caused by <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic> (~83%) and <jats:italic>Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic>) species. Aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, Brazil aims to eliminate autochthonous malaria by 2035. This study aims to analyse epidemiological patterns of malaria in Brazil to discuss if Brazil is on track to meet malaria control targets. A time-series study was conducted analysing autochthonous malaria new infections notifications in the Brazilian Amazon region from 2011 until June 2023. Descriptive analyses were conducted, along with joinpoint regression and forecast models to verify trend and future behaviour. A total of 2,067,030 malaria cases were reported in the period. Trend analysis indicated a decreasing trend in all malaria infections since late 2017 (monthly reduction = 0.81%, p-value &lt;0.05), while <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> infections have increased progressively since 2015 (monthly increase = 0.46%, p-value &lt;0.05). Forecast models predict over 124,000 malaria cases in 2023 and over 96,000 cases in 2024. Predictions for <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> infections are around 23,900 cases in 2023 and 22,300 in 2024. Cases in indigenous population villages are predicted to reach 48,000 cases in 2023 and over 51,000 in 2024. In gold mining areas it is expected over 21,000 cases in 2023 and over 20.000 in 2024. Malaria elimination in Brazil has advanced over the last decade, but its speed has slowed. The country exhibits noteworthy advancements in the reduction of overall malaria cases. It is imperative, however, to proactively target specific issues such as the incidence raise among indigenous populations and in gold mining areas. <jats:italic>Pf<\/jats:italic> infections remain a persistent challenge to control in the country and may require novel measures for containment. Current government supporting actions towards combating illegal goldmining activities and protecting indigenous populations may help malaria control indicators for the following years.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0002845","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T18:33:32Z","timestamp":1706726012000},"page":"e0002845","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Is Brazil reaching malaria elimination? A time series analysis of malaria cases from 2011 to 2023"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2268-8742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Klauss Kleydmann Sabino","family":"Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyi","family":"Soremekun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda Amaral","family":"Abrah\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola Barbosa","family":"Marchesini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Drakeley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter Massa","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 M.","family":"Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"pgph.0002845.ref001","volume-title":"World malaria report 2022.","author":"WHO","year":"2022"},{"key":"pgph.0002845.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-115","article-title":"Malaria in Brazil: an overview.","volume":"9","author":"J Oliveira-Ferreira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"pgph.0002845.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0204","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax landscape in Brazil: Scenario and challenges","volume":"95","author":"AM Siqueira","year":"2016","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"pgph.0002845.ref004","unstructured":"Brasil. 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