{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:17:27Z","timestamp":1787836647995,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Male circumcision is increasing in popularity due to its medical benefits, including reducing HIV prevalence. It is commonly performed by both health and non-health professionals, with most circumcisions occurring during the neonatal period. Studies suggest the benefits outweigh the risks, though complications can occur. This study aimed to determine the clinical outcomes of circumcisions and the prevalence of adverse events of circumcision in the Volta region of Ghana. A five-year retrospective descriptive and analytic study was conducted at Ho Teaching Hospital, using a structured data extraction sheet to collect demographic, clinical, and circumcision-related data from 186 cases. Among 186 circumcision cases, 23 (12.37%) experienced complications, with the most common being partial circumcision (43.48%), post-circumcision bleeding (21.74%), and urethrocutaneous fistula and\/or wrongfully circumcised congenital hypospadias (13.04%). Low heamoglobin levels and infections were also noted. A significant relationship was found between the circumcision provider and complication rates (Chi-square = 16.975, p = 0.00). Doctors conducting circumcision had the lowest complication rates (4.3%), while nurses and traditional circumcisers had higher complication rates (39.1% and 34.8%, respectively). Circumcision-Revision surgery was the most common salvage surgery for circumcision mishaps (31.82%), with urethroplasty and hypospadias repair (for wrongful circumcised neonates born with hypospadias) accounting for 15.91%. Meatoplasties, glansplasties, fistulectomy plus primary repair and chordae-release surgeries were also performed. The success rate for salvage surgeries (first attempt) was 70%. Prompt initial management strategies were significantly associated with good outcomes. Under less-trained hands, circumcision could be catastrophic. Salvage surgeries for circumcision mishaps are associated with less favourable outcomes in about one-third of the cases, suggesting that circumcision mishaps are better prevented than salvaged. Training, guidance, and policy interventions are needed to reduce the incidence of circumcision-related mishaps. Public health campaigns to dissuade non-surgeon circumcisers to refrain from circumcising children with hypospadias but refer them, are urgently needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T18:53:03Z","timestamp":1738608783000},"page":"e0003788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Clinical outcomes of circumcisions and prevalence of complications of male circumcisions: A five-year retrospective analysis at a teaching hospital in Ghana"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4334-4649","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sylvester","family":"Appiah Boakye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7265-7331","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Frank","family":"Obeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"pgph.0003788.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2020.100622","article-title":"Understanding the linkages between male circumcision and multiple sexual partnership among married Ghanaian men: analysis of data from the 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey","volume":"11","author":"BO Ahinkorah","year":"2020","journal-title":"SSM - Popul Heal [InternetAvailable from"},{"key":"pgph.0003788.ref002","unstructured":"WHO. Neonatal and child male circumcision: a global review. UNAIDS. 2010."},{"issue":"2","key":"pgph.0003788.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2016.12.02","article-title":"Circumcision and its effects in Africa","volume":"6","author":"TA Lawal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"pgph.0003788.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12963-016-0073-5","article-title":"Estimation of country-specific and global prevalence of male circumcision","volume":"14","author":"BJ Morris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Popul Health Metr"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0003788.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.9745\/GHSP-D-16-00390","article-title":"CDC\u2019s male circumcision recommendations represent a key public health measure","volume":"5","author":"BJ Morris","year":"2017","journal-title":"Glob Health Sci Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"pgph.0003788.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e939","DOI":"10.1002\/hsr2.939","article-title":"A comprehensive comparison of the early and late complications of surgical circumcision in neonates and children: a cohort study","volume":"5","author":"S Siroosbakht","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"pgph.0003788.ref007","first-page":"E142\u20137","article-title":"Male circumcision performed with 8-figure non-absorbable suture technique","volume":"8","author":"RC Xi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"pgph.0003788.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1100\/2011\/373829","article-title":"Complications of circumcision","volume":"11","author":"A Krill","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sci World J"},{"issue":"7","key":"pgph.0003788.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.5414","article-title":"Rates of adverse events associated with male circumcision in U.S. medical settings, 2001 to 2010","volume":"168","author":"C El Bcheraoui","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"pgph.0003788.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e018185","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-018185","article-title":"Healthcare seeking patterns of families of infants with circumcision-related morbidities from two population-based cohort studies in Ghana","volume":"7","author":"T Gyan","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"pgph.0003788.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/bco2.123","article-title":"Systematic review of complications arising from male circumcision","volume":"3","author":"SI Iacob","year":"2021","journal-title":"BJUI Compass"},{"issue":"4","key":"pgph.0003788.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.4103\/1596-3519.59583","article-title":"Circumcision mishaps in Nigerian children","volume":"8","author":"OD Osifo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Afr Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0003788.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.36303\/AUJ.0033","article-title":"Circumcision practice among trained circumcisers in Ghana","volume":"3","author":"P Maison","year":"2023","journal-title":"Afr Urol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0003788.ref014","first-page":"37","article-title":"Male circumcision: integrating tradition and medical evidence","volume":"15","author":"S Kacker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Isr Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"2","key":"pgph.0003788.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4733.2003.00242.x","article-title":"A checklist for retrospective database studies--report of the ISPOR task force on retrospective databases","volume":"6","author":"B Motheral","year":"2003","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"pgph.0003788.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(21)01306-9","article-title":"The island flap technique for hypospadias repair","volume":"8","author":"JW Duckett","year":"1981","journal-title":"Urol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0003788.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-016-0183-1","article-title":"Circumcision-related tragedies seen in children at the komfo anokye teaching hospital, Kumasi, Ghana","volume":"16","author":"KAA Appiah","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Urol"}],"container-title":["PLOS Global Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003788","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T18:53:19Z","timestamp":1738608799000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003788"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Atanu","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003788","relation":{},"ISSN":["2767-3375"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2767-3375","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]]}}}