{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T18:03:41Z","timestamp":1792001021873,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to assess the impact of sources of social support and dimensions of self-efficacy on psychological symptoms and mental wellbeing among early adolescents. A total of 274 adolescents aged 10\u201314 from Darjeeling, India, participated in the study. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) and Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (SEQ-C) were utilized to assess dimensions of protective\/promotive factors. Nested multivariable regression models assessed associations between age, gender, social support, and self-efficacy on psychological symptoms (internalising, externalising, and total difficulties) and mental wellbeing outcomes (mental wellbeing, optimism, and resilience). Results indicated that 13% of early adolescents screened positive for clinical depression and 44% reported poor mental wellbeing. Emotional and academic self-efficacy, along with family support, were significantly associated with reduced psychological symptoms. Conversely, social, and academic self-efficacy, along with support from friends, were linked to higher levels of mental wellbeing. Regression analyses revealed that dimensions of social support and self-efficacy explained a greater proportion of variability in mental wellbeing outcomes (R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.37\u20130.64) than in psychological symptom outcomes (R\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0.19\u20130.22), suggesting a stronger promotive effect on mental wellbeing compared to a protective effect on psychological symptoms during early adolescence. Findings suggest the urgent need for early mental health intervention to strengthen systems of social support and support self-efficacy among early adolescents. Multi-level or sequential interventions that target protective and promotive factors are a key strategy to addressing the global youth mental health crisis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0003904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T13:30:06Z","timestamp":1735651806000},"page":"e0003904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Social support and self-efficacy during early adolescence: Dual impact of protective and promotive links to mental health and wellbeing"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4227-5833","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Megan","family":"Cherewick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rinzi","family":"Lama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roshan P.","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Choden","family":"Dukpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dikcha","family":"Mukhia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priscilla","family":"Giri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Matergia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7693","key":"pgph.0003904.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25770","article-title":"Importance of investing in adolescence from a developmental science perspective","volume":"554","author":"RE Dahl","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"10036","key":"pgph.0003904.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2423","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00579-1","article-title":"Our future: a Lancet commission on adolescent health and wellbeing","volume":"387","author":"GC Patton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pgph.0003904.ref003","article-title":"Investing when it counts: Reviewing the evidence and charting a course of research and action for very young adolescents.","author":"K McCarthy","year":"2016"},{"key":"pgph.0003904.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2015.12.010","article-title":"The dual systems model: Review, reappraisal, and reaffirmation","volume":"17","author":"EP Shulman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"pgph.0003904.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1677","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12235","article-title":"Time with peers from middle childhood to late adolescence: Developmental course and adjustment correlates.","volume":"85","author":"CB Lam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child development"},{"issue":"9","key":"pgph.0003904.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3313","article-title":"Understanding adolescence as a period of social\u2013affective engagement and goal flexibility","volume":"13","author":"EA Crone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Neuroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"pgph.0003904.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(20)30186-3","article-title":"The effects of social deprivation on adolescent development and mental health","volume":"4","author":"A Orben","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0003904.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2007.08.002","article-title":"A Social Neuroscience Perspective on Adolescent Risk-Taking","volume":"28","author":"L. 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