{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T15:32:38Z","timestamp":1775748758859,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003747","name":"Department of Health, State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003747","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to determine whether the effects of extreme but discrete PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure from a coal mine fire on respiratory symptoms abated, persisted, or worsened over time, and whether they were exacerbated by COVID-19. We analysed longitudinal survey data from a cohort residing near a 2014 coalmine fire in regional Australia. A 2016\/2017 survey included 4,056 participants, of whom 612 were followed-up in 2022. Items included respiratory symptoms, history of COVID-19, and time-location diaries from the mine fire period, which were combined with geospatial and temporal models of fire-related PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Longitudinal effects of fire-related PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    were examined using a mixed-effects logistic regression model. Exacerbation due to COVID-19 was examined using a logistic regression model. PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure was associated with chronic cough and possibly current wheeze, chest tightness, and current nasal symptoms 2\u20133 years post-fire, and chronic cough and current wheeze 8.5\u20139 years post-fire. Further, the association between PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and chronic cough and possibly current wheeze appeared to increase between the survey periods. While there were no detectable interactions between PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    and COVID-19, PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    exposure was associated with additional respiratory symptoms among participants who reported a history of COVID-19. In summary, medium-duration exposure to extreme levels of fire-related PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    may have increased the long-term risk of chronic cough and current wheeze. While the COVID-19 pandemic started several years after the mine fire, contracting this illness may have exacerbated the effect of fire-related PM\n                    <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                    through development of additional respiratory symptoms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0004186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T13:39:24Z","timestamp":1737553164000},"page":"e0004186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Respiratory symptoms after coalmine fire and pandemic: A longitudinal analysis of the Hazelwood Health Study adult cohort"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6089-1827","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tyler 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X.","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3869-2351","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Poland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shantelle","family":"Allgood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Ikin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9954-0538","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael 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