{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T22:21:03Z","timestamp":1776378063197,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The emergence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis further complicates control efforts. Despite national efforts, there are limited data on the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and their rifampicin resistance in Ghana, especially at the facility level. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and rifampicin resistance among presumptive tuberculosis cases at the Ho Teaching Hospital over a three-year period. The study used a retrospective design and collected secondary data from the Microbiology Laboratory Unit of Ho Teaching Hospital between 2022 and 2024. Data on patient demographics,\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    detection, and rifampicin resistance were retrieved and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and rifampicin resistance were identified using the GeneXpert MTB\/RIF assay. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 15 with statistical significance set at p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05. Out of 2,225 presumptive tuberculosis cases, 203 tested positive for the infection, resulting in an overall prevalence of 9.1% (95% CI: 7.9\u201310.4). The prevalence was significantly higher among males (12.4%) compared to females (5.7%), and highest among young adults aged 18\u201324 years (12.8%). Of the 166\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis-<\/jats:italic>\n                    positive cases tested for rifampicin susceptibility, 3 (1.8%) were resistant. Although rifampicin resistance was more common among females and adults, the differences were not statistically significant. Although the detection rate of rifampicin resistance among newly diagnosed\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    cases was low (1.8%), it remains a significant public health concern, hence the need for enhancing surveillance systems and prioritising early detection strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0005525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T18:34:45Z","timestamp":1764614085000},"page":"e0005525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of rifampicin resistance in pulmonary tuberculosis: A laboratory-based study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0159-8935","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Israel","family":"Bedzina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnes Naa Larley","family":"Lartey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8931-1491","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lois","family":"Kwaley-Buabeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prosper","family":"Mensah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gameli","family":"Nudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric Selorm","family":"Odum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Sewornu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Ablordey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4787-9473","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John Gameli","family":"Deku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5816-5172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kwabena Obeng","family":"Duedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pgph.0005525.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15832-6","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis associated with severe tuberculosis evades cytosolic surveillance systems and modulates IL-1\u03b2 production","volume":"11","author":"J Sousa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"pgph.0005525.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00065","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination plays a critical role in pathogenesis","volume":"10","author":"MG Moule","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"key":"pgph.0005525.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00158","article-title":"Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an adaptable pathogen associated with multiple human diseases","volume":"8","author":"Q Chai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"key":"pgph.0005525.ref004","article-title":"Consolidated guidance on tuberculosis data generation and use. 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