{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T18:50:37Z","timestamp":1767379837525,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006641","name":"UNICEF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006641","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosglobalpublichealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Glob Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Assessing violence and suicide risk at the population level is essential to inform public health policies and guide prevention efforts for mental health. In Senegal, as in much of sub-Saharan Africa, such data remain scarce. This study aims to fill that gap by estimating the prevalence of violence and suicide risk, and identifying associated factors in the Senegalese population. This nationwide, observational, cross-sectional, population-based analytical survey received ethical approval from Senegal\u2019s National Ethics Committee for Health Research. Conducted between July and August 2023, it covered 496 randomly selected households proportionally distributed by demographic zone. Participants were surveyed on their exposure to different forms of violence, help-seeking behaviours, suicidal ideation and behaviours, and psychiatric history. Data were collected via ODK and analysed in R. Out of 2174 respondents (33.58% youth, 49.95% adults, 16.47% elderly), 52.76% reported exposure to violence, predominantly psychological (47.38%), verbal (43.47%), and physical (32.84%). Co-occurrence was frequent: 37.14% reported combined psychological and physical violence. Age and marital status were strongly linked to violence exposure, with women being more exposed to sexual violence (OR = 1.75 [1.12\u20132.80]). Dakar was identified as the main violence hotspot. The overall suicide risk was 8.40%, with 1.66% at high risk. Exposure to any form of violence significantly increased suicide risk. Individuals diagnosed with a mental illness were at higher risk (OR = 4.76 [3.13\u20137.14]). Despite high violence prevalence, support remains rare: only 6.2% received psychological help, 10.4% police assistance. Findings reveal that violence and suicide risk are widespread but insufficiently addressed. The results call for urgent development of a national mental health policy centred on prevention and support for vulnerable groups, especially in the current socio-economic and environmental crisis context.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0005782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T18:47:38Z","timestamp":1767379658000},"page":"e0005782","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pgph.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Epidemiology of violence and suicide risk in Senegal: A nationwide survey in 2023"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6636-7548","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jean Augustin Di\u00e9gane","family":"Tine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4952-6770","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Petit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mbayang","family":"Ndiaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6758-2397","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Langet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9339","key":"pgph.0005782.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)11133-0","article-title":"The world report on violence and health","volume":"360","author":"EG Krug","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"volume-title":"Suicide worldwide in 2019","year":"2019","author":"World Health Organization","key":"pgph.0005782.ref002"},{"issue":"9","key":"pgph.0005782.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.043489","article-title":"Methods of suicide: international suicide patterns derived from the WHO mortality database","volume":"86","author":"V Ajdacic-Gross","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"2","key":"pgph.0005782.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-016-0865-y","article-title":"Suicide methods in children and adolescents","volume":"26","author":"K K\u00f5lves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"pgph.0005782.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(24)00152-X","article-title":"The effect of economic downturn, financial hardship, unemployment, and relevant government responses on suicide","volume":"9","author":"M Sinyor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"volume-title":"Public health action for the prevention of suicide: a framework","year":"2012","author":"WHO","key":"pgph.0005782.ref006"},{"issue":"2","key":"pgph.0005782.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000084","article-title":"Risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a meta-analysis of 50 years of research","volume":"143","author":"JC Franklin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"key":"pgph.0005782.ref008","unstructured":"WHO. 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