{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:24:44Z","timestamp":1793294684083,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,18]],"date-time":"2011-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1318896000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmedicine.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Med"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,1]],"date-time":"2011-11-01T15:02:26Z","timestamp":1320159746000},"page":"e1001107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":114,"title":["Effects of Community-Wide Vaccination with PCV-7 on Pneumococcal Nasopharyngeal Carriage in The Gambia: A Cluster-Randomized Trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Anna","family":"Roca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip C.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Townend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uzo","family":"Egere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Antonio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulie","family":"Bojang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abiodun","family":"Akisanya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Litchfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Nsekpong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Oluwalana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen R. C.","family":"Howie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Greenwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard A.","family":"Adegbola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61204-6","article-title":"Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates.","volume":"374","author":"KL O'Brien","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200209000-00005","article-title":"Effectiveness of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children younger than five years of age for prevention of pneumonia.","volume":"21","author":"SB Black","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.294.16.2043","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among older adults in the era of pediatric pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.","volume":"294","author":"CA Lexau","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022823","article-title":"Decline in invasive pneumococcal disease after the introduction of protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccine.","volume":"348","author":"CG Whitney","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1086\/648593","article-title":"Sustained reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine.","volume":"201","author":"T Pilishvili","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69637-2","article-title":"Effectiveness of seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease: a matched case-control study.","volume":"368","author":"CG Whitney","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181a78185","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian children who participated in a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine trial and in their younger siblings.","volume":"28","author":"YB Cheung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1086\/339525","article-title":"Reduction of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae after administration of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine to toddlers attending day care centers.","volume":"185","author":"R Dagan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epidem.2010.03.005","article-title":"Evidence that pneumococcal serotype replacement in Massachusetts following conjugate vaccination is now complete.","volume":"2","author":"WP Hanage","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemics"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.100102","article-title":"Pneumococcal serotypes in children in 4 European countries.","volume":"16","author":"G Hanquet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.06.091","article-title":"National survey of invasive pneumococcal diseases in Taiwan under partial PCV7 vaccination in 2007: emergence of serotype 19A with high invasive potential.","volume":"27","author":"YC Hsieh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1290","article-title":"Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination and nasopharyngeal acquisition of pneumococcal serotype 19A strains.","volume":"304","author":"EJ van Gils","year":"2010","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001017","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001017","article-title":"Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on serotype-specific carriage and invasive disease in England: a cross-sectional study.","volume":"8","author":"S Flasche","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1605.091223","article-title":"Effects of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 2 years after its introduction, the Netherlands.","volume":"16","author":"GD Rodenburg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040275","article-title":"Bacteremia among children admitted to a rural hospital in Kenya.","volume":"352","author":"JA Berkley","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01697.x","article-title":"Invasive pneumococcal disease in children<5 years of age in rural Mozambique.","volume":"11","author":"A Roca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4851","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.03.060","article-title":"Estimating the vaccine-preventable burden of hospitalized pneumonia among young Mozambican children.","volume":"28","author":"A Roca","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.09.008","article-title":"The preventable burden of pneumococcal disease in the developing world.","volume":"25","author":"JA Scott","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199801000-00006","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease in the Western Region, The Gambia.","volume":"17","author":"S Usen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)71876-6","article-title":"Efficacy of nine-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine against pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease in The Gambia: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.","volume":"365","author":"FT Cutts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035060","article-title":"A trial of a 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children with and those without HIV infection.","volume":"349","author":"KP Klugman","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01565.x","article-title":"Serotype distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of invasive and nasopharyngeal isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in rural Mozambique.","volume":"11","author":"X Valles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1086\/506941","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian villagers.","volume":"43","author":"PC Hill","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1086\/528688","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Gambian infants: a longitudinal study.","volume":"46","author":"PC Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31814da70c","article-title":"The descriptive epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae nasopharyngeal carriage in children and adults in Kilifi district, Kenya.","volume":"27","author":"O Abdullahi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1086\/652443","article-title":"Transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae in rural Gambian villages: a longitudinal study.","volume":"50","author":"PC Hill","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000130951.85974.79","article-title":"Invasive pneumococcal infections among hospitalized children in Bamako, Mali.","volume":"23","author":"JD Campbell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-195","article-title":"The dynamics of nasopharyngeal streptococcus pneumoniae carriage among rural Gambian mother-infant pairs.","volume":"10","author":"MK Darboe","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.16.1784","article-title":"Invasive pneumococcal disease caused by nonvaccine serotypes among Alaska native children with high levels of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine coverage.","volume":"297","author":"RJ Singleton","year":"2007","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200308150-00014","article-title":"Regional differences in HIV trends in The Gambia: results from sentinel surveillance among pregnant women.","volume":"17","author":"MF Schim van der Loeff","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-200302000-00010","article-title":"Report from a WHO Working Group: standard method for detecting upper respiratory carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae.","volume":"22","author":"KL O'Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1086\/374624","article-title":"Clonal relationships between invasive and carriage Streptococcus pneumoniae and serotype- and clone-specific differences in invasive disease potential.","volume":"187","author":"AB Brueggemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199610000-00007","article-title":"Nasopharyngeal carriage of pneumococci in Gambian children and in their families.","volume":"15","author":"N Lloyd-Evans","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)65585-7","article-title":"Carriage of pneumococci after pneumococcal vaccination.","volume":"348","author":"SK Obaro","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1086\/591966","article-title":"Indirect effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal colonization among unvaccinated household members.","volume":"47","author":"EV Millar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01652.x","article-title":"Serotype and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive disease in The Gambia 1996\u20132003.","volume":"11","author":"RA Adegbola","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-22","article-title":"African meningitis belt pneumococcal disease epidemiology indicates a need for an effective serotype 1 containing vaccine, including for older children and adults.","volume":"10","author":"BD Gessner","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.09.009","article-title":"The roles of pneumococcal serotypes 1 and 5 in paediatric invasive disease.","volume":"25","author":"WP Hausdorff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1086\/431151","article-title":"An outbreak of serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis in northern Ghana with features that are characteristic of Neisseria meningitidis meningitis epidemics.","volume":"192","author":"J Leimkugel","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1973","DOI":"10.2165\/11205110-000000000-00000","article-title":"Pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (13-valent, adsorbed) [prevenar 13(R)].","volume":"70","author":"ST Duggan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00062-10","article-title":"Safety and immunogenicity of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine compared to those of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine given as a three-dose series with routine vaccines in healthy infants and toddlers.","volume":"17","author":"S Esposito","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e493","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3027","article-title":"Immunogenicity and safety of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in infants and toddlers.","volume":"126","author":"SH Yeh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["PLoS Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T05:18:38Z","timestamp":1540271918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001107"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,18]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001107","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.13357144.14726462","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1549-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,18]]}}}